SAMPLE OF

A VALID
ARGUMENT
Determine whether the following arguments are valid.
If it is valid, then identify the rule of inference which justifies its validity.
Otherwise, state a counterexample or identify the type of fallacy exhibited by the argument.

If x is an odd integer, then 2x + 1 is also an odd integer.

◦If 2x + 1 is an odd integer, then 3(2x + 1) is an odd integer.
◦Therefore, if x is an odd integer, then 3(2x + 1) is an odd
integer.
Answer
◦Let p: “x is an odd integer”, q: “2x + 1 is an odd integer” and
r: “3(2x + 1) is an odd integer”.
◦In proposition form [(𝑝 → 𝑞) ∧ (𝑞 → 𝑟)] → (𝑝 → 𝑟).
◦Hence, the argument is valid by virtue of the “Law of
Syllogism”.