Individual vs.

Societal Multilingualism

Bilingual as an individual attribute

Bilingual as a societal attribute
Advantages of Multilingualism to Education :

a) Accessibility to knowledge of other

cultures;
b) Communication between different
linguistic and cultural groups become
easier;
c) Increases job opportunities;
d) High cognitive development of a child;
e) A broader world view, etc.
 Reasons for multilingualism can be:

a) Migration or labor mobility.

b) Cultural contact
c) Annexation and colonialism
d) Commercial
e) Scientific
f) Technological
g) Territorial conquest, etc.
 References:
 Anchimbe, E.A. (ed.) (2007) Linguistic Identity in Postcolonial Multilingual Spaces.
Newcastle-upon-Tyne: Cambridge Scholars.
 Andrews, E. (2014) Neuroscience and Multilingualism. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
 Annamalai, E. (2006) India: Language situation. In K. Brown (ed.) Encyclopedia of
Language & Linguistics (pp. 610–613). Boston, MA: Elsevier.
 Aronin, L. and Hufeisen, B. (eds) (2009) The Exploration of Multilingualism:
Development of Research on L3, Multilingualism and Multiple Language Acquisition.
Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
 Aronin, Larissa (2019). What is Multilingualism? In David Singleton and Larissa Aronin
(eds.), Twelve Lectures in Multilingualism. (pp. 334). Bristol: Multilingual Matters.
 http://www.multilingual-matters.com/display.asp?isb=9781788922050.
 http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in>...PDFChapterTwo:Multilingualism