Human

Learning
Human Learning
• process of acquiring knowledge

• behavior, skills, values and ethics

• occur as part of education , personal

development or any other
informal/formal training.
4 Stages
of
Learning
Unconscious Incompetence
Conscious Incompetence
Conscious competence
Unconscious competence
Stages of Learning
• Unconscious Incompetence • Unconscious Incompetence

• is a stage where we don’t know what • This means we know what we don’t
we don’t know. know
Stages of Learning
• Conscious competence • Unconscious competence

• the individuals are aware of the • This means that we don’t know what
learning that has taken place. We we know.
know what we know.
Learning
Relatively permanent change in
a person’s knowledge or behavior
as a result of experience
Social Cognitive Theory
• Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) started as the Social Learning Theory (SLT) in the
1960s by Albert Bandura

• It emphasizes the value of the social environment in one’s learning process that is
built on observational learning.

• It has 4 Stages:

• 1. Attention

• 2. Retention

• 3. Motor reproduction

• 4. Motivation

• There is an interaction of personal ( cognition, personality, motivational orientation),

environment ( family, schools and other settings, peers and social relationship) and
behavioral factors ( feedback and consequence) that accounts for behavioral change
Social Cognitive Theory
Self – Efficacy
• Defined as the extent to which people believe that they can confidently
learn and master a particular skill.

• According to Albert Bandura, self efficacy can be developed through

Mastery Experience Accomplishing simple tasks that lead

to more complex tasks
Social Modelling Observing an identifiable model who
accomplishes the task
Improving Physical and Being relaxed and calm before
Emotional Stress pursuing a challenging task
Verbal Persuasion Providing encouragement and
feedback during the accomplishment
of a challenging task
Human Agency
• Is another valuable principle in the learning process. People are not
products of inner forces or environments, they are self regulating and
proactive. People influence their own environments by their characteristics
and behavior; people influence other people; and they influence social groups
in attaining benefits that can be experienced by many.

Intentionality Making an active decision to engage

in particular activities
Forethought Anticipating outcomes and
consequences of particular actions
Self- Reactiveness Constructing and regulating behavior
appropriately
Self- Reflectiveness Reflecting and evaluating one’s
thoughts and behavior.
Different
Learning
Strategies
Different Learning Strategies
• Taking down notes

• Asking questions during class discussions

• Creating Cognitive maps

• Engaging in collaborative learning with mentors and peers

• Going beyond the mandatory course requirements