Organizational systems

• The interaction of multiple factors in an individual organization

generates a unique system that impacts the Project.
• This system determines the power, influence, interests, competence
and political capabilities of the people that participates whitin it.
• There are the following system factors:

Management Governance
elements frameworks

Organizational
structure
types
System’s definition
Collection of different components that can produce results not
obtainable by the individual components.

Component’s definition
Project’s internal identifiable element that provides a particular
function or group of related functions.

The interaction of the different system components creates the

organizational culture and capabilities.
Several principles regarding systems

• Systems are Dynamic

• Systems can be optimized
• System components can be optimized
• Systems and their components cannot be optimized at the same time
• Systems are nonlinear in responsiveness
Organizational Governance Frameworks
• Governance refers to organizational or structural arrangements at all
levels of an organization designed to determine and influence the
behavior of the members of the company.
• Considerations
Governance Framework
Governance is the framework within the authority is exercised in the
organizations. This framework includes:
This framework influences how:

1. Objectives of the organization are set and achieved

2. Risk is monitored and assesed
3. Performance is optimized
Project Governance
It refers to the framework, functions and processes that guide Project
management activities to create a unique product, service or result.
Management elements
They are the components that comprise the key functions or
principles of general management.

Key functions of management

1. Division of work
2. Authority given to perform the work.
3. Responsibility to perform work appropiately
4. Discipline of action
5. Unity of command
6. Unity of direction
Organizational structure types
• Organizational structures take different forms or types.

• Each Enterprise considers different factors for inclusión in its

structure:

1. Degree of alignment with organizational objectives

2. Specialization capabilities
3. Span of control, efficiency, and effectiveness
4. Clear path for scalation of decisions
5. Clear line and scope of authority
Influences of Organizational Structures on Projects
Project Management Office
• Is an organizational structure that standardizes the Project-related
governance processes.
• This structure facilitates the sharing of resources, methodologies,
tools and techniques
Types of PMOs
1. Supportive
• This type of PMO give a consultative role to projects. This kind supply
templates, best practices, training, access to information and lessons
learned from other projects.

• This type of PMO serves as a Project repository.

• The degree of control provided is low.
2. Controlling
• This type give support and require compliance through different
means.
• The degree of control is moderate .

3. Directive
• Directive PMOs manage directly the projects, so they take control of
them. Project managers are assigned by and report to the PMO.
• The degree of control provided is high.