Composite Construction

• Detail of shear connectors

 Composite Construction
PNA in steel
b
Ycon a
C = Ccon+Cst

Tst

C=T
PNA in concrete Mn = Cy = Ty
b
a C con
Ycon
y
Tst
 Composite Construction
Ccon = 0.85f’cba
T = FyAs

Ccon and T can not exceed force carried by studs, ∑Qn

∑Qn =0.85 f’cba

Qn
a Depth of compression
block
0.85 f 'c b
 Composite Members Specification
p. 16.1-40

I3 Flexural Members
1. Effective Width, b, sum of effective widths for each side
of beam center-line, each of which shall not exceed:
1) 1/8 of beam span
2) ½ distance to center-line of adjacent beam
3) distance to edge of slab
b b b
 Composite Members Specification
p. 16.1-40

I3 Flexural Members (cont.)

2. Design Strength of Beams with Shear
Connectors
3. -
4. Strength During Construction
5. Formed Steel Deck
5a. General
hr ≤ 3” wr ≥ 2”
shear stud diameter ≤ ¾”
shear studs must extend 1½ -in. above top of deck
Slab thickness must be ≥ 2” above steel deck
 Composite Members Specification
p. 16.1-40

I3 Flexural Members (cont.)

5. Formed Steel Deck
5b. Deck Ribs Perpendicular to Steel Beam
Max shear stud spacing 36 in.
Shear stud strength reduction factor – eq. I3-1
≤0.75 if only single stud in rib
Deck must be anchored every 18 in.
5c. Deck Ribs Oriented Parallel to Steel Beam
Shear stud strength reduction factor – eq. I3-2
applied if wr/hr ≤1.5
6. Design Shear Strength
 Composite Members Specification
p. 16.1-40

I5 Shear Connectors – shear studs or channels

1. Length shear studs, Hs ≥ 4 stud diameters
2. -
3. Strength of Stud Shear Connectors
Eq. I5-1 modified by reduction factors
4. -
5. Required Number of Connectors
 Composite Members Specification
p. 16.1-40

I5 Shear Connectors – shear studs or channels

5. Required Number of Connectors – Number
required must be provided from section of maximum
bending moment to adjacent section of zero moment.
6. Shear Connector Placement and Spacing
Stud diameter ≤2.5 tf (prevent tear out)
Minimum spacings
ribs parallel: longitudinal – 6 x stud diameter
transverse – 4 x stud diameter
ribs perpendicular: 4 x stud diameter (long. and trans.)
Maximum spacing 8 x slab thickness
 Composite Construction p.5-33
Effective concrete
flange force (∑Qn)

• Y1 – Distance from a b
2
PNA to beam top a
Ycon
flange Y2

• Y2 – Distance from Y1 PNA

concrete flange force
to beam top flange
• b – effective width of
concrete slab flange
• a – effective concrete
flange thickness
Composite Design Example p. 39 notes
Redesign the floor system previously
designed (example p. 33), using
composite construction. A992 steel and
3500 psi concrete.