UNIT-I

Measurement systems
PERMANENT MAGNET
MOVING COIL INSTRUMENTS
(PMMC)
 PERMANENT MAGNET MOVING
COIL INSTRUMENTS (PMMC)
The Permanent Magnet Moving Coil
Instruments are used for DC measurements.
Principle: Motoring principle
When a current carrying coil is placed in
the magnetic field produced by permanent
magnet, the coil experience a force and
moves. The amount of force experienced by
the coil proportional to the current passing
through it
As the coil is moving and the magnet is
permanent, the instrument is called Permanent
Magnet Moving Coil Instruments. This basic principle
is called D’Arsonaval Principle.
Construction:
It consists of Permanent Magnet, Moving coil, Iron core,
Pointer with dial scale, Mirror, Spring Balance, Spindle, Pivot
and Jewel Bearing

Construction of permanent magnet moving coil

PMMC instrument
Permanent Magnet: The shape of Permanent is
horse-shoe and which providing magnetic field

Moving coil: The moving coil is either rectangular

or circular in shape. The coil is placed in uniform,
horizontal and radial magnetic field.

Iron Core: Spherical shaped iron core used for

Circular coil and Cylindrical shaped iron core used
for rectangular coil.
Pointer with dial scale: The pointer is carried by
spindle and it moves over a graduated scale. The
Pointer is light in weight so that it can deflect
rapidly.

Mirror: To avoid Parallax error

Controlling Torque: Controlling is provided by

the two phosphor bronze spring.

Damping Torque: Damping Torque is provided by

the eddy current damping.
Torque equation:
The controlling torque is produced by the spring
and it is proportional to the deflection of pointer
 Thus the deflection is directly proportional
to the current passing through the coil
Advantages:
1. Uniform scale
2. High accuracy
3. Low power consumption in the range of
25W to 200
4. Torque to weight ratio is high. It result high
accuracy.
5. Very high sensitivity
6. Provided effective damping
7. Free from hysteresis, external magnetic
fields
8. The range of instruments can be extended
Disadvantages:
1. Suitable for DC measurements only.
2. High cost
3. Friction due to jewel-pivot suspension