Fractures

Objectives
• At the end of this lecture the students will be
able to:
• Define fracture.
• Discuss types of fracture.
• Discuss pathophysiology of fracture and causes.
• Review clinical manifestations of fracture.
• List the complication of fracture.
• Discuss medical,surgical and nursing
management of fracture.
• Discuss home management of fracture.
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 Greenstick Fracture
• a fracture of the bone, occurring
typically in children, in which one side
of the bone is broken and the other
only bent.
 Commniuted Fracture
• A comminuted fracture is a break or
splinter of the bone into more than two
fragments. Since considerable force and
energy is required to fragment bone,
fractures of this degree occur after high-
impact trauma such as in vehicular
accidents
 segmental fracture
• segmental fracture: The bone is
broken in two places, which
leaves at least one bone segment
floating and unattached
 spiral fracture
• A spiral fracture (a.k.a. torsion fracture) is
a bone fracture occurring when torque (a
rotating force) is applied along the axis of
a bone. Spiral fractures often occur when
the body is in motion while one extremity
is planted.
 Pathological Fracture
• A pathologic fracture is a bone fracture
caused by disease that led to weakness of
the bone structure. This process is most
commonly due to osteoporosis, but may
also be due to other pathologies such as:
cancer, infection, inherited bone
disorders,or a bone cyst.
Clinical Manesfestations of Patient
• Numbness
• Muscle spasm
• Ecchymosis
• Swelling
• Pain
• Crepitus
 Diagnostic Tests
• X-ray
• CT -Scan
• MRI
• Calcium levels
• Vit D Levels
 Medical Managment of Patient
• Open Traction
• POP
 Pharmaclogical Treatment
• Cephalosporin
• Gentamycin
• Tobramycin
• Morphin Sulfate (
Duramorphs,Astramorphs)
• Toradol
 Nursing diagnosis
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