INORGANIC

METABOLISM
D E M O C R I TO, W I S E Y J O H N
D E L G A D O , R O B E R T T E PA O L O D .
VICENTE, ELUISE
 THE INORGANIC SUBSTANCE FOUND
IN THE BODY SERVE MANY PURPOSE:
• They provide a favourable medium for protoplasmic activity. A definite
proportion between Ca, Mg, Na, K is required to maintain the irritability of the
tissues.
• They maintain the normal osmotic equilibrium and acid-base balance of the
body.
• They are responsible for the hardening of bones and teethe, especially Ca, Mg,
and P.
• They form a part of some specialized physiological compound, like Fe in
haemoglobin, iodine in thyroxine, and Zn in insulin.
• They serve as activators of certain enzyme.
 INORGANIC COMPOUNDS

• Inorganic compounds are often quite simple, as they do

not form the complex molecular bonds that carbon makes
possible. A common example of a simple inorganic
compound would be sodium chloride, known more
commonly as household salt. This compound contains only
two atoms, sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl).
MORE EXAMPLES OF INORGANIC
COMPOUNDS:
•H2O
•HCl (Hydrochloride)
•CO2 (Carbon dioxide)
•NO2 (Nitrogen dioxide)
•Fe2O3 (Iron (III) oxide)
WATER BAL ANCE
 FACTORS AFFECTING WATER
BALANCE:
1. Salt Distribution
2. Acid-Base Equilibrium
3. Intermediary Metabolism of Proteins,
Carbohydrates, and Fats
4. Some Hormones
5. Ceratin Physical Factors
 SOURCES OF WATER SUPPLIED TO
THE BODY
1. Dietary Liquids
2. Solid Food
3. Oxidation of Organic Food Stuffs:
a) 100 Grams of Fat Yield 107 Grams of Water
b) 100 Grams of Starch Yield 55 Grams of Water
c) 100 Grams of Protein Yield 41 Grams of Water
 WATER OUTPUT
•Water Leaves The Body in Urine,
Feces, Perspiration And The So-
Called Insensible Perspiration
(Evaporation From Skin And
Lungs)
–The water secreted by the intestine is the
solvent for excretory product and is needed
to ensure suitable consistency to the feces.
In the absent of active perspiration, the body
is continually losing water vapour from the
skin surface and lungs in inverse proportion
to the relatively humidity of the atmosphere.
The insensible perspiration range is from 300
to 700 mL per day.
- Sweating is an important means of getting rid of body heat, since
heat is used in evaporation. Sweat is a hypotonic fluid consisting
mostly of water and small quantities of NaCl, urea, glucose, some
amino acids, K-salts, and appreciable amounts of Ca, Mg, P, and Fe
and traces of Cu and Mn.
- The urine is the important medium for elimination of water
provided to the body in excess of its fixed requirements. If the
water intake is large, the kidney excretes the excess; if the water
intake is low, this organ produce a concentrated urine so that little
water is loss from the body. Similarly the kidney can conserve or
eliminate salt, depending upon dietary intake.
 THE AMOUNT OF WATER LOST BY
PERSPIRATION IS ENORMOUS. THE AMOUNT
OF PERSPIRATION NORMALLY SECRETED
WILL DEPEND ON THE:
•Temperature
•Relative Humidity of The Atmosphere; And
•Muscular Activity of The Individual
 BODY FLUID
COMPARTMENTS/DISTRIBUTION
• 5% of Body Weight in Plasma
• 15% of The Body Weight Comprise The
Interstitial Fluid an Total Extracellular Fluids or
“Tissue Juices”
• 50% of The Body Weight is Intracellular Fluid