HYDROSPHERE

WATER EARTH
 HYDROSPHERE
• The hydrosphere (from Greek ὕδωρ - hydōr, "water" and
σφαῖρα - sphaira, "sphere“) in physical geography
describes the combined mass of water found on, under,
and over the surface of a planet.
• Water on Earth is a unique feature that clearly
distinguishes our “Blue Planet” from others in the solar
system
• Water is the universal solvent and the basis of all life on
our Planet.
 HYDROSPHERE
• Not a drop of liquid water can be found anywhere else in
the solar system. Earth has just the right mass, the right
chemical composition, the right atmosphere, and is the
right distance from the Sun that permits water to exist
mainly as a liquid.
• Natural water of the Earth form the hydrosphere. It
includes the oceans, water, land (rivers, lakes, snow
cover and glaciers), groundwater and atmospheric
water as well as water living organisms.
 Percentage of Earth’s Surface Covered
by Land and Water
• Approximately 70% of
the Earth’s surface is
water

• Approximately 30% of
the Earth’s surface is
land
PERCENTAGE OF WATER ON EARTH
 FORMS OF WATER
SOLID LIQUID GAS

Frost Cloud Water

Vapor
Rain
Snow
Mist Steam
Ice Dew
Fog
Stream
 IMPORTANCE OF WATER
• Water is the most important part of living cells.
• Human needs.
• Water provides habitat
• Regulates climate
 WATER CYCLE
• Water is in constant motion.
• The characteristics of the ocean which affects its
motion are its temperature and salinity.
• Water, which covers the majority of the Earth's surface
(the hydrosphere), circulates through the crust,
oceans, and atmosphere in what is known as the
water cycle.
• The Sun provides water cycle’s energy
 EVAPORATION
• Evaporation is when
the sun heats up water
in rivers or lakes or the
ocean and turns it into
vapor or steam. The
water vapor or steam
leaves the river, lake or
ocean and goes into
the air.
 TRANSPIRATION
• Transpiration is the
process by which
plants lose water out
of their leaves.
• Transpiration gives
evaporation a bit of a
hand in getting the
water vapor back up
into the air
 CONDENSATION
• Water vapor in the air gets cold and changes back into
liquid, forming clouds. This is called condensation.
 PRECIPITATION
• Precipitation occurs when so much water has
condensed that the air cannot hold it anymore. The
clouds get heavy and water falls back to the earth in the
form of rain, hail, sleet or snow
 COLLECTION

• When water falls back to earth as precipitation, it may fall

back in the oceans, lakes or rivers or it may end up on
land. When it ends up on land, it will either soak into the
earth and become part of the "ground water" that plants
and animals use to drink or it may run over the soil and
collect in the oceans, lakes or rivers where the cycle starts.