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PRIIN Mod 06 Bone and Joint Injuries - Final
PRIIN Mod 06 Bone and Joint Injuries - Final
Objective
The bones, ligaments,
muscles and joints form the
musculoskeletal system.
All these components
enable us to move and be
flexible.
Certain bones protect
internal organs. For
instance – skull protects the
brain, the chest cage
protects the lungs and the
heart etc.
Musculoskeletal System
Soft tissues around bones and joints – muscles, ligaments, tendons
– might be injured in several ways: overstretched tissues, violent or
sudden movements:
Sprains,
Strains,
Torn (partially or completely) muscles, ligaments,
Bruising of muscles
Joint injuries can be caused by violent strong force driving the bones
into abnormal position, or by violent muscle contraction.
Joint Injuries
DISLOCATION SPRAIN STRAIN (Muscle over-
(Joint Deformity) (Ligament Torn) stretched)
Open Fracture occurs when one or more portions of the bone appear
through a wound.
Fractures
Pain due to
Closed nerve damage
Internal
Fracture bleeding
Soft tissue
damage
Closed fracture
Open becomes open
Fracture
Restricted
Blood flow
Types of Fractures
Intense pain in fractured site / extremity.
Deformation of extremity.
Signs of Fracture
Signs of Fracture
Signs of Fracture
BLEEDING if open fracture
Infection to wound
Complications of Fracture
Type of fracture Internal blood loss (mL)
Rib 125
Radius or ulna 250 – 500
Humerus 500 – 750
Tibia or fibula 500 – 1000
Femur 1000 – 2000
Pelvis 1000 – massive
Bleeding in Fractures
When examining extremity – check “DOTS”: Deformities,
Open wounds, Tenderness, Swelling.
Always leave the fingertips or toes visible so that you can see and
check blood circulation on splinted limb.
Immobilization-Splinting
Healthy extremity can be used for splinting of injured limb. Blanket is used as
padding for comfort.
Improvised Splinting
Use of blanket Use of garment
Improvised Splinting
Improvised Splinting
Apply splints on
each side of the
injured extremity.
At least 2 joints –
one above and
another below
injury – must be
splinted.
Always support
injured extremity
for comfort.
Do not apply
bandages too
tight – it might
interrupt
circulation in
extremity.
Apply triangular
bandages above and
below injury.
Pelvic Fractures-Mechanism
ALWAYS REMEMBER ABC!!!
End of Module 6