Leadership and

Management
Learning Goals:
• Understand leadership as an influence process in
organizations
• Distinguish between leadership and
management
• Distinguish the different theories of motivation
• Distinguish the trait, behavioral, and contingency
theories of leadership
Lesson Overview
• Introduction
• Leadership and Management
• Motivation
• Theories of Motivation
• Leadership Theories and Leadership Styles
• Communication in the Workplace
• Management Change and Diversity in the Workplace
Introduction

Leadership
What is leadership?

What comes to your mind when you see this

word?
Introduction (Cont.)
Name some leaders
Who are they? What did they do?
Introduction
Leading is a management function that combines two
significant concepts- directing and leadership.
• Directing is the process by which managers instruct,
guide, and supervise subordinates everyday.
– Continuous process.
– Entails imposing protocols and measures that must be followed
by all members.
• Leadership refers to a process of social influence that
enables a person to encourage others and enlist their aid
and support in the performance of tasks and in achieving
a particular goal.
• Leadership • Management
–Defined by cooperation, –More transactional in nature
mutual trust, and esteem. –The managers, the superior
–Leaders encourage their officer, relays his or her
subordinates in a more instruction to subordinates
democratic manner, and every who are expected to comply
action of the subordinate is with them.
voluntary and not done out of –Compliance is motivated by
obligation. expected rewards.
–Leadership also encourages –Mangers and employees
workers to focus on goals, perform their assigned tasks
anticipate challenges and work because they are paid to do it.
together to address difficulties.
 Motivation
• Psychological process of directing behavior.
• Determines the willingness of a person to use his or her ability to the utmost
in performing a task.
3 ELEMENTS:
1. MOTIVE-something that arouses or induces an individual to behave in a
certain way or do a certain thing. It is also known as need or desire.
– Primary motive include biological needs such as food, shelter,
belongingness.
– Secondary motive involve the need for stimulus and social needs.
– Internal motives are based on an individual’s own personal drive to
achieve a goal
– External motives are based on forces or influences that are outside of the
person such as environment, peer group, family members, and society.
2. BEHAVIOR-actions aimed at accomplishing or
achieving a particular motive or need.
3. GOAL- refers o the achievement or fulfillment of
a motive.
Example: Hunger motivates people to search for
food. When a hungry person has found some food
and has eaten it, he or she has finally achieved his
or her goal.
 MOTIVATIONAL PROCESS
• Outlines the steps individuals take to satisfy their
needs.

BEHAVIOR
• Identifies the • Achieves goal
need. • Searches for ways • Receives
• Either primary or to fulfill needs feedback
secondary needs. • Selects a way to
fulfill needs
• Performs to satisfy
MOTIVE GOAL