Living in a Network

Centric World

Network Fundamentals – Chapter 1

Version 4.0 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 1
Objectives
 Describe how networks impact our daily lives.
 Describe the role of data networking in the human
network.
 Identify the key components of any data network.
 Identify the opportunities and challenges posed by
converged networks.
 Describe the characteristics of network architectures:
fault tolerance, scalability, quality of service and
security.

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 2

 How Networks Impact Daily Life
 How does instantaneous communication support and
improves our lives?
 (what we wear, how we travel, how we pay bills, obtain
information from health to cooking, downloading files,
sharing photos, etc.)

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 3

 Describe the characteristics and purpose of popular
communication media such as, IM, Wikis , Blogs,
Podcasting, and Collaboration Tools
– Instant messaging
• Real time communication
between 2 or more
people based on typed text
– Weblogs (Blogs)
• Web pages created
by an individual
– Podcasting
• Website that contains
audio files available
for downloading
– Wikis
• web pages that groups of people can
edit and view together.

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 4

 Explain ways that using information networks to share
and collaborate improves teaching and learning (e-
learning)

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 5

 Describe ways communication over a network changes
the way we work

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 6

Work Collaboration Tools

 Intranets – private networks used by ONE

company..employees WITHIN the company have
access to it
 Extranets – provides suppliers, vendors, and/or
customers limited access to corporate data
 There are many ways to use technology even in
businesses that aren’t traditionally technology oriented
(Ex. Farming)
 There are more telecommuters today than ever before.

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 7

 Describe ways communication over a network supports
the way we play (travel, listening to music, watching
movies/videos, reading books, watching sporting
events, etc.)

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 8

Data Networking Role, Components, and Challenges
 Basic characteristics of communication
– Rules or agreements are 1st established (who, methods,
common language, timing, confirmation)
– Important information may need to be repeated
– Various modes of communication may impact the
effectiveness of getting the message across

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 9

 Quality of communication is affected by lots of things..
Quality of the pathway, # times it has to be re-directed, load,
size, message, and complexity of the message, etc.

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 10

 Describe the various
elements that make up
a network
– Devices
• These are used to
communicate with one
another
– Medium
• This is how the
devices are connected
together
– Messages
• Information that travels
over the medium
– Rules
• Governs how
messages flow across
network

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 11

Devices on a network (See 1.3.2.2 for
icons or pg. 13 in your textbook)
 Switch
 Firewall
 Router
 Wireless router
 Cloud
 Links (serial, wireless, etc.)

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 12

Types of media

 For communication to take place, there has to be a

connection -
UTP
STP
Optical cable (fiber)
Atmosphere
Coaxial (cable TV)

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 13

Protocols

 There must be rules to govern communication:

HTTP
SMTP
SNMP
FTP
TFTP
POP
TCP/IP

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 14

 Describe the role of converged networks in
communications
– Converged network
• A type of network that can carry voice, video & data over
the same network

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 15

Network Architecture Characteristics
 Explain four characteristics that are addressed by
network architecture design
– Fault tolerance – limits impact of failure/recovers quickly
– Scalability – expands easily
– Quality of service – equal to in person
– Security

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 16

 Describe how packet switching helps improve the
resiliency and fault tolerance of the Internet architecture

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 17

 Describe characteristics of the Internet that help it scale
to meet user demand
– Hierarchical
– Common standards
– Common protocols

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 18

 Constraints of resources (media, bandwidth,
technology, etc.) affect the Qos (mechanisms that
manage congested network traffic.)

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 19

 Explain the factors that necessitate Quality of Service
and the mechanisms necessary to ensure it

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 20

 Describe how to select the appropriate QoS strategy for
a given type of traffic

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 21

 Why should networks be secure? (lack of trust,
confidentiality, loss of sales,etc.)
 Physical security
 Content security

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 22

 Describe basic measures to secure data networks
– Ensure confidentiality through use of
• User authentication
• Data encryption
– Maintain communication integrity through use of
• Digital signatures
– Ensure availability through use of
• Firewalls
• Redundant network
architecture
• Hardware without a single
point of failure

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 23

 Now What?  Study Guide – Due Today!
 Ch. 1 Test – Wed. Aug
29 or Thurs, Aug. 30,
2012
 Skills Integration
Challenge in your lab
book on pg. 28 will be
done right now together.
Pg. 3-4– Vocabulary
Exercise: Identify
Vocabulary Ex: Matching
Pg. 5-6– Vocabulary Ex:
Define
Pg. 8-9 – Multiple Choice
Questions

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 24