Developing Gantt Chart Topic 21

and PERT Diagram

Content:

. What is Gantt Chart?

. Who uses the Gantt Chart?

. Network Analysis

. Network analysis can be broken down into three phases:

Planning, Scheduling, Analysis

. PERT Diagram

. Class Exercise 1
 What is
Gantt Chart?
Day 1 Day 2 ……….. Day X

No. 1 Task ABC BAR LINE

1. Bar or line chart which is used to schedule the different

tasks which make up a project.

2. Each bar represents a different task and the length of

the bar represents the relative length of the task.

3. Time is measured on the horizontal axis and the tasks

are on the vertical axis. The chart shows how the work
is supposed to progress.
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 What is
Gantt Chart?
One – Dimensional Chart
• Used for task that can be done in
sequence

Two – Dimensional Chart

• Used for tasks which can be performed at
the same time

3
 Who uses the Gantt Chart?

1. Gantt charts are used for the planning and

control of any kind of job or project which
involves a number of tasks.

2. They can be used by project managers,

systems analysts and any one else involved in
the project.

Advantages  Simple and easy to understand by

everyone

Disadvantages  It does not show task the Task

Dependence (which task have be done 1st). 4
 Network Analysis
The process involves breaking the
project down into manageable steps:
Network analysis is a
planning technique 1. Establishing a sequence of
used in projects. jobs and drawing a diagram
specifying the inter-connection
between them.
It involves a complex
inter-relationship of 2. Estimating a timetable for the
activities such as start of each job.
Research and
Development, Design 3. Analysing the spare time on
and Maintenance work. each job and thus isolating the
most critical jobs.

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 Network analysis can be broken
down into three phases:

1. Planning. The jobs in a project are drawn up in a

feasible sequence. A diagram is drawn showing
the inter-connection (represented by an arrow)
between them.

2. Scheduling. A timetable is established, showing

start and finish times for each job.

3. Analysis. The occurrence of float (spare time) on

a job is analysed. As a result, jobs on the critical
path are isolated.
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 Network Diagrams
A must be completed
before ether B and C can A and B must be
start completed before C can
start
Shower Go to School
Job Job
A B Job Job
Shower A C
Wake Up

Shower
Job
Job Job B
A B
Feed Cat
Wake Up
Job
C
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Feed Cat
 Steps in using
Network Planning
Suggested Sequence:

• Identify and list tasks to be done.

• Identify and list dependencies between tasks. Draw

draft network.

• Add estimates for the duration of tasks.

• Analyse network identifying the critical path.

• Use as a basis for resource allocation.

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 Task 1 Task 2
PERT EST
6 am
Shower
& Dress
EST
6.45am
Take Bus

Diagram LST Duration LST Duration

6 am 45 mins 7.00 am 60 mins

Network Diagram is also called as PERT Diagram.

When drawing PERT Diagram, you must show 4 basic elements:

1. Label the Task – Name or other identifying task.

2. Duration of Task – Estimate of the amount of time to complete in

days/weeks/months/hours.

3. Earliest Start Time (EST) – Earliest time the task can possibly start.

4. Latest Start Time (LST) – Latest time the task must start to ensure the
schedule does not “slip”.
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Class Exercise: Note:

• Subuh time – 6.20am

1. You need to be in • Bus ride – 30 min to 60 min
Project Management • Bus Time – 7.00 am, 7.30am,
Class on Tuesday at 8.00 am
8.30 am.
Your Tasks:

2. Draw your PERT A. Wuduk – 3 min

Diagram so that you B. Subuh prayer – 5 min
will reach on time. C. Shower – 10 min
D. Dressed – 6 min
E. Light break-first – 5 min
F. Feed the cat 2 – min
G. Walk from house to bus stand – 3
EST Task min
H. Walk from bus stop to school – 5
min
LST Duration
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Critical Path Analysis Topic 22

Content:

1. Critical Path
2. Float
3. Advantages of Critical Path Analysis

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 Critical Path
Critical Path happened when EST and LST
are the same.

1. This means that there is no float; meaning

float “cannot happen”.

2. If there is a delay in the tasks, the whole

project will “slips”.

How many times can CP happened?

Answer: There can be more than 1 time.
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 Float
1. Some activity could increase in duration and yet the
project could still be completed by the required target
date. Such activity are said to exhibit float.

2. Float is the access time available for an activity in

addition to estimate duration.

3. Consequently that activity could either be expanded or

start late by this amount and the project would still
meet its target date.

4. This float is sometimes called total float or path float.

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 Advantages of
Critical Path Analysis

1. Attention can be concentrated on the most critical jobs.

2. Spare time can be used to advantage, i.e. spread over

other jobs.

3. Resources can be balanced.

4. Project completion dates may be brought forward.

5. Revision of plans can be simplified.

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Earliest Finish Times (EFT) Topic 23
&
Latest Start Finish (LST)

Content:

PERT Diagram

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Refer to your Notes: T
23 / page 1- Building a Boat”
Class Exercise:
Draw a PERT Diagram
Previous Task
Steps – Insert:
• The Task
• Duration of Task
• EST – if > 1, take the highest number.
• Calculate the Early Finish Time (EFT)
 boat is totally ready.
• LST  if >1, take the lowest number
Succeeding Task

EST A = 0 Task EST Y = Task

(at start) A EST A + Dur A B

LST A = LST B =
Duration A Duration B
LST B - Dur A EFT - Dur B

Use EFT, if this is the Last Task

EST of X
... EFT = +
Duration X
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