DISC/DISK

OPERATING SYSTEM
FRANICK DOMINIC R. LLAPITAN, MITE
OBJECTIVES

1. To understand the basic concepts of operating system

2. To learn the importance of DOS
3. To understand the services the operating system
provides to the user
4. To understand the various structures fo file directories
5. To familiarize various DOS commands
• Operating system (OS) is a
program or set of programs,
which acts as an interface
between a user of the computer
& the computer hardware.
• Interface - A boundary across which two
independent systems meet and act on or
communicate with each other
• An operating system (OS) is the
software that controls a
computer's hardware and
peripheral devices and allows
other programs to function.
HISTORY OF DOS

• DOS stands for Disk Operating System

• DOS was the first operating system used by IBM-
compatible computers
• It was originally available in two versions that were
essentially the same, but marketed under two
different names
• PC-DOS (IBM) and MS-DOS (Microsoft)
PURPOSE AND FUNCTION OF DOS

• The main purpose of an OS is to provide an

environment in which we can execute programs.
• The main goals of the OS are:
• To make the computer system convenient to use,
• To make the use of computer hardware in efficient
way.
 GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE
VS
CHARACTER USER INTERFACE
Uses
pictures
and videos,
audio, and
text
 CUI
• User has to interact with
the applications by using
commands
• Single user interface
• Only one task runs at a
time
• Not easier to navigate
than GUI
• Uses keyboard.
GUI
• User interact with
applications by graphics
or visuals
• Multiple user interface
• Multitasking
• Easier to navigate
WHAT IS COMMAND PROMPT

• is a command line interpreter

application available in most Windows
operating systems.
• It's used to execute entered commands.
• Most of those commands automate tasks
via scripts and batch files, perform
advanced administrative functions, and
troubleshoot or solve certain kinds of
Windows issues.
LIST OF COMMAND PROMPT
COMMANDS
COMMAND DESCRIPTION
append The append command can be used
by programs to open files in another
directory as if they were located in
the current directory. The append
command is available in MS-DOS as
well as in all 32-bit versions of
Windows. The append command is
not available in 64-bit versions of
Windows.
LIST OF COMMAND PROMPT
COMMANDS
COMMAND DESCRIPTION
attrib • Sets or displays the read-only,
archive, system, and hidden
attributes of a file or directory.
• The attrib command is used to
change the attributes of a single
file or a directory. The attrib
command is available in all
versions of Windows, as well as in
MS-DOS.
• If you use this command to specify
a file as read-only, the file can be
LIST OF COMMAND PROMPT
COMMANDS
COMMAND DESCRIPTION
cd • The cd command is the shorthand
version of the chdir command. The
cd command is available in all
versions of Windows, as well as in
MS-DOS.
cls • The cls command clears the screen
of all previously entered
commands and other text. The cls
command is available in all
versions of Windows, as well as in
MS-DOS.
LIST OF COMMAND PROMPT
COMMANDS
COMMAND DESCRIPTION
cmd • The cmd command starts a new instance
of the cmd.exe command interpreter. The
cmd command is available in Windows 8,
Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows
XP.
copy • The copy command does simply that — it
copies one or more files from one location
to another. The copy command is available
in all versions of Windows, as well as in
MS-DOS. The xcopy command is
considered to be a more "powerful" version
LIST OF COMMAND PROMPT
COMMANDS
COMMAND DESCRIPTION
date • The date command is used to show or
change the current date. The date
command is available in all versions of
Windows, as well as in MS-DOS.
del • The del command is used to delete one or
more files. The del command is available in
all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-
DOS. The del command is the same as the
erase command.
LIST OF COMMAND PROMPT
COMMANDS
COMMAND DESCRIPTION
dir • The dir command is used to display a list
of files and folders contained inside the
folder that you are currently working in.
The dir command also displays other
important information like the hard drive's
serial number, the total number of files
listed, their combined size, the total
amount of free space left on the drive, and
more. The dir command is available in all
versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS.
LIST OF COMMAND PROMPT
COMMANDS
COMMAND DESCRIPTION
diskpart • to create, manage, and delete hard drive
partitions.
• Open a command prompt with
administrator rights and enter the
following sequence of commands:
• diskpart
• list disk
• select disk {number}
• clean
• create partition primary
• select partition 1
• active
USING “DIR” COMMAND
COMMAND DESCRIPTION
dir • Now, you may be looking for a specific file.
You have a starting point but you don’t
know the exact folder. In dir you can show
all files in current directories, but also files
in subdirectories in one command
dir /s • But when you know a little more dir, it
allows you to do searches. It has a way
different behavior than Windows Explorer
search but it’s useful. Don’t do so with too
big files though or your command prompt
will be filled with too many lines.
LIST OF COMMAND PROMPT
COMMANDS
COMMAND DESCRIPTION
diskcopy • The diskcopy command is used to copy the
entire contents of one floppy disk to
another.
exit • used to end the cmd.exe (Windows) or
command.com (MS-DOS) session that
you're currently working in.
format • used to format a drive in the file system
that you specify.
USING “DIR” COMMAND
COMMAND DESCRIPTION
ipconfig • The ipconfig command is used to display
detailed IP information for each network
adapter utilizing TCP/IP. The ipconfig
command can also be used to release and
renew IP addresses on systems configured
to receive them via a DHCP server.
mkdir • The mkdir command is used to create a
new folder.
md • the shorthand version of the mkdir
command.
USING “DIR” COMMAND
COMMAND DESCRIPTION
ping • sends an Internet Control Message
Protocol (ICMP) Echo Request message to
a specified remote computer to verify IP-
level connectivity.
print • used to print a specified text file to a
specified printing device.
WAYS TO OPEN
WINDOWS COMMAND
PROMPT
USING KEYBOARD

• Press Windows logo

+R

• Type “cmd”
USING SEARCHBOX

• Type “cmd”