Components of Transmission system

Transmission system comprises of the following

components:
1. Cable
2. Circuit Breaker
3. Power Transformer
4. Voltage transformer
5. Current transformer
6. Protection relay
7. Battery
 Components of Transmission system

8. Charger
9. Reactor
10. Capacitor
11. Sectionalizer
12. Auto-re closer
13. Over Head Line (OHL) conductor
14. Tower
15. Insulator for tower
16. Bus Bar
 Components of Transmission system

17. Surge arrestor

18. Earthing /Grounding
19. Earthing transformer
20. Fire system alarm
21. Fire system extinguisher
22. Substation building
General schematic diagram of power system
 Transmission line design

 The first job in any transmission expansion

planning is to identify the bulk power net work
 Normally the highest voltage level is considered
 If interconnection is feasible then neighboring
country highest voltage is to be considered
 For any year, peak load flow study is found to have
any line overloaded more than 125% then in the
following year a new circuit is to be added
 Contingency procedure

 For single line contingency if in any year any line is

150 to 175% overloaded, a new circuit is to be added
in the following year
 For double line contingency, lines should not be
allowed to exceed 200% of thermal limit
 Composite system reliability index is to be
mentioned (i.e. 0.2 days/year)
Block diagram of typical transmission system
planning process
logic diagram for transmission expansion
study
Transmission route identification and selection
 Steps in design of HV lines

 Selecting the route

 Right of way permit
 Selecting the voltage level
 Selecting the number of circuits
 Selection of conductor
 Insulator design
 Span, tension and sag design
 Tower design
 Corona and corona power loss
 Electrical performance
 Project cost
 Maximum power transfer

• Relation between power delivered through a line

verses power angle
• Maximum power transfer or steady state limit
• Practical line loadability when б= 30 to 35 degree.