ENGLISH III

REPRODUCTION SYSTEM
DENI JABALIAH (1714201044)
NURSING V B
A. Anatomy and physiology of the male
reproductive system
Anatomy of the male reproductive systemThe outer
structure of the male reproductive system consists of:
penis, scrotum (testicles sac) and testicles (testicles).
1. Penis
The penis consists of covenous (erectile) tissue and is
passed through the urethra. There is a surface called
glans. The penis functions as penetration.
The penis consists of:
a. Root (Stick to stomach wall)
b. b. Body (is the middle part of the penis)
c. c. Glans penis (tip of the penis that is shaped like a
cone). (Prawirohartono slamet. 1999)
2. Scrotum
The scrotum is basically a skin sac in particular
which protects the testis and epididymis from
physical injury and is the temperature of the
testis.
3. Testicles
The testicles are oval shaped as big as olives and
are located inside the scortum. Usually the left
testis is somewhat lower than the right testis.
(Prawirohartono slamet. 1999)
B. Sperm Formation in Men
Spermatogenesis (sperm) is the development of
spermatogonia into spermatozoa. Lasts 64 days.
Spermatogonia develops into primary
spermatozite. The final stage of spermatogenesis
is the maturation of spermatids into
spermatozoa.
Spermatozoa consist of head, body and tail.
(Pearce Evelyn. 2008)
 C. Anatomy and Physiology of the Women's
Reproductive System
1. Anatomy of the female reproductive system
consisting of:
a. Tundun (Mons veneris)

b. Labia Mayora

c. Labia Minora

d. Clitoris

e. Vestibulum (porch)

f. Himen (hymen)
g. Perineum (kerampang). ( Prawirohardjo
Sarwono. 2012)
D. Ovum Formation in Women
Stages of oogenesis in the ovary, oogenesis begins
with the presence of mitosis and miosis. Mitosis
is the process of cell division which results in two
identical gametes (daughter cells).
Meanwhile, meiosis is cell division which
produces four gametes. ( Prawirohardjo Sarwono.
2012)
E. The Process of Menstruation in Women
The menstrual process undergoes 4 phases:
1. Menstrual phase

2. Provocation phase

3. Ovulation phase

4. Post ovulation phase. ( Prawirohardjo Sarwono.

2012)
F. Pregnancy Cycle
In the hormonal phase that works are:
1. Estrogen and progesterone until the first
trimester of pregnancy this hormone is
produced by the corpus luteum.
2. Prolactin, a hormone that stimulates the work
of the mammary glands, so that when needed it
is ready to function. ( Prawirohardjo Sarwono.
2012)
G. Birth Cycle
After growing in the womb for about 40 weeks, the
baby in the womb is perfect and ready to be born. The
hormones that play a role in this birth process are:
1. Hormone relaxation, affects the stretching of
muscles in the pubic sinfisis
2. The hormone estrogen, plays a role in overcoming
the influence of the hormone proesterester which
inhibits uterine wall contractions
3. The hormone protaglaudin, plays a role in
overcoming the influence of the hormone
progesterone. This hormone is produced by all cells
4. The hormone oxytocin, affects the contraction of the
urethral wall. ( Prawirohardjo Sarwono. 2012)
H. Menopose Cycle
At menopause or climaterium in a woman's life
occurs approximately age 45-50 years. But also
earlier or later. Menstruation stops are usually
accompanied by certain symptoms such as
vasomotor changes with a lot of sweat, hot face. (
Prawirohardjo Sarwono. 2012)
I. Diseases of the Reproductive System
1. Gonorhea
Cause: neisseria gonorrhoeae bacteria, transmitted
through sexual contact
2. Syphilis
Cause: Treponema pallidum bacteria transmitted
through sexual contact
3. Genital Herpes
Cause: herpes simplex virus serotype 2 is transmitted
through sexual contact
4. Leucorrhoea (fluor albus)
Cause: parasites such as the fungus Candida
albicans, protozoa trichomonas vaginalis, bacteria
and viruses.
5. Aids (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)
Cause: HIV virus (human immunodedeficiency virus).
( Prawirohardjo Sarwono. 2012)