PHYLUM

ARTHROPODA
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Arthropoda characteristic

• Living in marine, freshwater, and terrestrial habitats; many capable of

flight
• Bilateral symmetry; segmented body divided into functional groups
called tagmata
• Triploblastic body
• Reduced coelom
• Cuticular exoskeleton
• Complete digestive system
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▸
▸
▸
▸
eral organs; no cilia Nervous system
Nervous system similar to that of annelids
Well-developed sensory organs
Parthenogenesis in some taxa
▸ Sexes usually separate
▸ Respiration by body surface, gills, tracheae (air tubes), or book lungs
▸ Open circulatory system
SUBPHYLUM
CHELICERATA
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 Live in land, sea.
 Billateral symetri
 Triploblastic
 Include the horseshoe crabs,
spiders, ticks, mites, scorpions,
and sea spiders
 No antenna
 Most suck liquid from prey
 Disgestive system complete
 Sexual reproduction
• More common live in all oceans
• Bilateral simetry
• Triploblastic
• Sea spiders
• Many have chelicerae and palps; 5-6 pairs of
legs
• Some males use legs to carry developing eggs
• The mouth at the tip of a proboscis, drinks
juices from Cnidarians (hydroids) and soft-
bodied animals
• Proboscis sucks fluids from cnidarians
andother soft-bodied marine organisms
• Respirated by book lungs
• Sexual reproduction
• External fertilization by fertilization
outside of the body, male will release
sperm into the water then the female
will open the genital porus.
• Open circulatory system is blood
circulation without going through blood
vessels
• Pycnogonida are carnivore
• Disgestion system is intracelluar. Food
we’ll be inserted into mouth using
chelicerae, then absorb by the cell wall
& chemical enzymes
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 Live in sea (where the river meets sea)  Cephalothorax bears 1 pair chelicerae and 5 pairs of
 Triploblastic, Bilateral simetry walkinglegs
 Abdomen bears book gills on appendages in median line
 Example, Horseshoe crabs
 Larvae resemble trilobites
 Unsegmented carapace covers body, 2
compound eyes and 2 simple eyes
Example: Limulus polyphemus

The Horseshoe Crab

• Most live in shallow water

• Billateral symetri & triploblastic,have an
unsegmented carapace that covers the body
in front of a broad abdomen
• A telson or spine like tail
• Book gills are exposed on some of the
abdominal appendages
• They walk with their walking legs and swim
with abdominal plates
• They feed at night on worms and small
molluscs
• They eat molluck etc,
• Eat by gnathobases
• Horseshoe crabs are long-lived and mature later than other
invertebrates
• Males mature between 9 and 11 years of age and females,
between 10 and 12 years.
• During mating, the male grasps the edge of the female's
opisthosoma. The female uses her legs and prosoma to dig a
nest, into which she deposits a cluster of eggs.

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 3. CLASS ARACHNIDA
• Live mainly in warm dry regions
• Billateral simetry, triploblastic
• Body consists of cephalothorax (chelicerae,
pedipalps, 4 pairs of walking legs) and abdomen
• Predaceous with claws, fangs, poison glands, or
stingers
• Sucking mouth parts ingest fluids and soft
tissues
• Most harmless and control undesirable insects
• Consists of a great diversity among scorpions,
mites, ticks, daddy longlegs and others
Example
• The anterior appendages are a pair of
chelicerae with terminal fangs
• All spiders are predaceous, mostly on
insects, which are killed b poison and
fangs
• Spiders breath by book lungs and/or
trachea
• Tracheae are tubes that carry air
from the inside directly into the
tissues
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SENSORY SYSTEMS

• Most have 8 simple eyes,

each with a lens, optic rods,
and a retina; used to detect
movement and may form
images
• Sensory setae detect air
currents, web vibrations,
and other stimuli
WEB-SPINNING HABITS

• Spinning silk is a critical ability for spiders and

some other arachnids
• Two or three pairs of spinnerets contain
microscopic tubes that run to silk glands
• A liquid protein secretion hardens as it is
extruded from the spinnerets
• Silk threads are very strong and will stretch
considerably before breaking
• Spiders are often camouflaged or cryptic
REPRODUCTION IN SPIDERS
• Males court females before mating
• The male spins a small web, deposits a drop of sperm
on it, and then stores the package in his pedipalp
• Mating involves inserting the pedipalps into the female
genital openings and depositing the spermatophore
• Sperm are stored in a seminal receptacle for weeks or
months until the eggs are ready
• Eggs may develop in a cocoon in the web or may be
carried by the female
• The young hatch in a few weeks and may molt before
leaving the cocoon