•I enjoy communicating

4 TH C O F F E E

with persons unlike me

as much as with
persons like me.
 C O M M U N I C AT I O N
4 TH C O F F E E

and
G L O B A L I Z AT I O N
 Divider Title
Goes Here
SUBTITLE GOES HERE
4 TH C O F F E E
 •How I handle
disagreements with
4 TH C O F F E E

persons from other

cultures depends on the
situation and the
culture(s) they are from.
 GLOBALIZATION
the increasing
economic,
political, and
4 TH C O F F E E

cultural
integration and
interdependence
of diverse
cultures—the
worldwide
integration of
humanity
 Digital
technology has
helped erase the
notion of
territorial
4 TH C O F F E E

boundaries
between
countries,
gradually
eroding the idea
of the term
nation as it does
so.
 MULTICULTURALIST
persons
4 TH C O F F E E

respectful of
and engaged
with people
from
distinctly
different
cultures.
 •I am equally sensitive
4 TH C O F F E E

to the concerns of all

groups in our
multicultural society.
 THE COST
4 TH C O F F E E

OF
CULTURAL
IGNORANCE
 Showing the sole of a shoe means nothing to
observers in the United States or Europe. As a result,
when visiting Saudi Arabia, the American and
European delegates to a conference thought nothing
about crossing their legs and pointing their shoes
4 TH C O F F E E

toward the speaker while listening to his

presentation. The speaker, however, was horrified.

In Muslim cultures, the gesture is perceived as

insulting. Similarly, while crossing your legs in the
United States indicates you are relaxed, in Korea it is
a social faux pas.
 John, who represented the interests of an
American multinational corporation, and Yu-
Chen, his Taiwanese counterpart, had difficulty
establishing a working relationship. John’s
4 TH C O F F E E

eyeblink rate increased as he became more and

more nervous, fearing that his efforts to resolve
their misunderstanding had reached an impasse.
This only made things worse. Blinking while
another person talks is considered normal to
North Americans; to Taiwanese it is considered
impolite.
 McDonald’s fast-food chain
unintentionally offended thousands of
Muslims when it printed an excerpt from the
Koran on its throwaway hamburger bags.
4 TH C O F F E E

Muslims saw this as sacrilegious. The

mistake could have been avoided if
McDonald’s had displayed greater sensitivity
and awareness.
 The Japanese view the business card
as an extension of a person, while
Americans view it as a business formality
and a convenience.
4 TH C O F F E E

Consequently, while the Japanese

handle business cards with great care,
making certain to put them in safe
places, Americans are quick to put them
away and thus often end up insulting the
Japanese.
 Eye contact preferences also differ across
cultures. Americans place a high value on eye-to-
eye communication and tend to distrust those
who fail to look at them directly.
4 TH C O F F E E

The Japanese, in contrast, believe eye contact

over a sustained period of time shows disrespect.
Among Asian cultures, too much eye contact is
deemed intrusive.
Arabs, on the other hand, maintain direct eye
contact with those they interact with for
prolonged periods.
 Americans tend to value personal
achievement and individualism. In
contrast, Asian and Native American
4 TH C O F F E E

cultures stress group cohesion and

loyalty, placing greater emphasis on
group rather than individual
achievement.
 •I can tell when persons
from other cultures do
4 TH C O F F E E

not understand me or
are confused by my
actions.
4 TH C O F F E E

INTERCULTURAL
COMMUNICATION
 INTERCULTURAL INTERRACIAL
COMMUNICATION COMMUNICATION
4 TH C O F F E E

interaction with the interpreting and

individuals from sharing of meanings

different cultures with individuals from

different races
 INTERETHNIC INTERNATIONAL
COMMUNICATION COMMUNICATION
interaction with
4 TH C O F F E E

communication
individuals of between persons
different ethnic representing
origins different nations
 INTRACULTURAL
COMMUNICATION

interaction with
4 TH C O F F E E

members of the same

racial or ethnic group or
co-culture as yours
 CULTURE CO-CULTURES

a system of knowledge, groups of persons who differ

4 TH C O F F E E

beliefs, values, customs,

in some ethnic or
behaviors, and artifacts
sociological
that are acquired, shared,
and used by members way from the parent culture
during daily living
 •I do not fear interacting
with persons from minority
4 TH C O F F E E

groups any more than I

fear interacting with
persons from the dominant
culture.
4 TH C O F F E E
4 TH C O F F E E
4 TH C O F F E E
 •My culture is not
4 TH C O F F E E

superior to other
cultures.
 ETHNOCENTRISM
CULTURAL the tendency to see one’s
4 TH C O F F E E

RELATIVISM own culture as superior to

all others
the acceptance of other

cultural groups as equal in

value to one’s own

 •I respect the
4 TH C O F F E E

communication rules
of cultures other
than my own.
 CHART TITLE GOES HERE
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4 TH C O F F E E

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5 gravida eros erat. Proin a tellus sed risus lobortis sagittis eu
4 quis est. Duis ut aliquam nisi. Suspendisse vehicula mi diam,
3 sit amet lacinia massa sodales ac. Fusce condimentum egestas
2 nunc a maximus. Quisque et orci purus. Proin dolor mi,
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ultrices sit amet ipsum placerat, congue mattis turpis. Donec
0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec vestibulum eros eget mauris dignissim, ut ultricies dolor
viverra. Phasellus efficitur ante nec sem convallis, in ornare
est accumsan. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun
adipiscing elit. Ut gravida eros erat. Proin a tellus sed risus
Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
lobortis sagittis eu quis est.
 individualistic
cultures
4 TH C O F F E E

cultures in which
individual goals
are stressed
 collectivistic
cultures
4 TH C O F F E E

cultures in which
group goals are
stressed
 high-context
communication
4 TH C O F F E E

a tradition-bound
communication
system which
depends on
indirectness
 low-context
communication
4 TH C O F F E E

a system that
encourages
directness in
communication
 •Persons from other
4 TH C O F F E E

cultures have a right to

be angry at members
of my culture.
 HIGH POWER
DISTANCE CULTURES

cultures based on
4 TH C O F F E E

power differences in
which subordinates
defer to superiors
 LOW POWER
DISTANCE CULTURES

cultures that
4 TH C O F F E E

believe that power

should be used only
when legitimate
 MASCULINE
CULTURES
4 TH C O F F E E

cultures that value

aggressiveness,
strength, and material
symbols of success
 FEMININE
CULTURES
4 TH C O F F E E

cultures that value

tenderness and
relationships
 •Persons from other
cultures who don’t actively
participate in a
4 TH C O F F E E

conversation, dialogue, or
debate with others may act
that way because of their
culture’s rules