APPLICATION OF BRAKES- AIRCRAFTS

Rishab Gupta
B2 1715090
TOM-II
 INTRODUCTION

• A brake is a mechanical device which absorbs kinetic energy of a moving body

and dissipates it as heat to either slow down or stop the motion of the body
completely.
• Brakes can be classified as
• 1. Disc brakes
• 2. Drum brakes
• 3. Band brakes
• etc
 AIRCRAFTS

• Aircrafts are an incredibly heavy class of vehicles, operating at speeds of upto

1000kmph
• A typical loaded Boeing 747 weighs approximately 250000kgs.
• The touchdown speeds of a 747 is approximately 275kmph.
• Hence, considering the above parameters, we can say that an aircraft touching
down on the runway has tremendous amount of momentum- about 1.9 x
10^(7) kg.m/s
 BRAKING IN AIRCRAFTS

• As discussed earlier, due to the tremendous momentum of an aircraft,

generally, a combination of multiple braking systems are used for effective
braking which include
• 1. Disc brakes directly attached to the wheels
• 2. Thrust reversers to produce retardation
• 3.Air brakes used to increase drag
• 4.Drogue parachutes
 DISC BRAKES

• All types of commercial aircraft use multi- rotor disc brakes.

• Typically, Boeing Aircrafts used to use steel disc brakes. However all current
models have shifted to carbon based material.
 DISC BRAKES

• The reason for using carbon as the disc material is that it provides a lot of
weight reduction, thereby increasing efficiency.
• A single assembly of carbon based brakes saves around 370-400 kgs of weight.
• It is also able to sustain the temperatures of about 1700°C which are
generated during braking.
• The rotor discs are have bores which are inclined at an angle to the vertical to
increase the surface area and hence improve heat dissipation.
• The brakes are actuated using hydraulic fluid when the pilot or co pilot presses
the brake pedal.
DISC BRAKES
 THRUST REVERSERS

• Thrust reversal, also called reverse thrust, is the temporary diversion

of an aircraft engine's thrust so that it acts against the forward travel of
the aircraft, providing deceleration.
• They help the aircraft slow down after landing, reducing braking distance and
decreasing the wear of brakes
• Mostly a safety feature, used in harsh climatic conditions
• The exhaust stream of the engine is reversed, thereby aiding in producing
retardation.
 THRUST REVERSERS

• Ideally, complete reversal is desired. However, due to aerodynamic reasons, the

angle is restricted to 135°.
 AIR BRAKES

• They are used during the approach of the aircraft, before touchdown, to
reduce the airspeed to a value within the limits.
• They increase the drag of the aircraft, thus producing retardation.
 REFERENCES

https://utcaerospacesystems.com/product_gallery/aircraft-wheels-brakes/
https://www.boeing.com/commercial/aeromagazine/articles/qtr_03_09/article_05
_1.html
https://www.aircraftsystemstech.com/p/aircraft-brakes_9081.html?m=1
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_aircraft_braking_systems
Images from
www.google.co.in
www.wikipedia.org
THANK YOU FOR BEING ATTENTIVE!