Autopsy and Transplantation

Dr. Yudha Nurhantari, PH.D

Department of Forensic Medicine,

Faculty of Medicine, Gadjah Mada University
2005
 Autopsy
• Is investigative dissection of dead body
= necropsy
• Types  aim
1. Anatomical autopsy :
to learn the human anatomy for medical
school student.
2. Clinical autopsy :
to learn the extent of the disease for which
they were treating the deceased patient.
3. Medicolegal/forensic autopsy :
performed on the instruction of the legal
authority.
 to investigate : sudden, suspicious,
unnatural, litigious or criminal death.
a. non-criminal death : suicides,
accidents, etc.
b. truly forensic autopsy
The objectives of an forensic autopsy :
1. Identification of the body
2. To determine the cause of death
3. To determine mode of dying, time of death
4. To demonstrate all ext. and int. abnormalities,
malformations, diseases
5. To detect, describe & measure any ext. injr.
6. To obtain samples : toxicology, microbiology
7. To provide a full written autopsy report
8. To restore the body to the best cosmetic
condition
Preliminary to a an autopsy

1. Authorisation: authority issued

2. Consent: in forensic autopsy the relatives
are not consulted for their consent to autopsy
3. Permission for obtaining samples is usually
covered by the original authority issued.
 Regulation
• Religion : Islam
Fatwa No 4 th 1955 minister of health
(majlis pertimbangan kesehatan dan syara`)
 autopsy is allowed (mubah) in the aim of
science, doctor`s course, and justice
 Law
• KUHP article 222,
• KUHAP article 133-136, 184
• PP no 18 1981
 Transplantation
• Is a medical action to remove human organ
and or tissue from different or the same
person as a treatment to replace his
disfunctional organ or tissue
( UU no 23 1992 about health)
• IC is needed to remove the organ from the
donor to the recipient.
• The donor have to understand all of the
procedures and the risk of removing the
organs
• IC should be signed freely without any
force, fraud and fear.
 Alive donor
• IC of alive donor written in sealed papers
and needs 2 witness
• Adult (21 yr) and mentally health
• Child ???
Parents can not represent their child,
except for regenerative tissue.
 Dead donor
• The doctor can obtain the organs from the
donor by two systems:
1. Opting in system
 permission from the donor when alive
2. Opting out system
 doctors can take the organ if there was
no objection from the donor when alive.
 Death
• Death: breath and circulation stopped
permanently
• In transplantation from dead donor, the
organ will remove after the death  should
keep the heart beating to keep the
circulation to the organs
 Brain death  brain stem death
• Dx of death : made by two doctors who has
no relation with transplantation
 Regulation
• UU no 23 th 1992 about health
• PP no 18 th 1981 about autopsy and
transplantation
 Prohibition
• Trade in human organs&/tissue
• Export/import human organ &/ tissue
Exception : for research

Donor&family should not receive any

material compensation as a payment of the
transplantation