LINE FOLLOWER ROBOT

USING PHOTOTRANSISTORS
SENSOR
GROUP MEMBERS

Noman Shafiq Ur
Hassan Rehman
EE123101 EE123098

Zohaib
Mehmood
EE123110
 GIVEN TASK

 To design a small autonomous machine which can track a white

 Line over a blue background.
 WHAT IS LINE FOLLOWER?

 A line follower robot is basically a machine designed

to follow a path predetermined by the user.
 The path maybe as simple as a straight or curved
line or it maybe as complex as a 90 degree turn .
BLOCK DIAGRAM
Power Supply
Unit

Phototransistors
At Mega 32
Sensor Array
Microcontroller

H-Bridge

Left Right
Motor Motor
 SENSOR WORKING
 The sensor circuit is made using Photo-Transistors.
 Current is sourced in the presence of light.
 When white light falls on white surface it reflect by surface and
received by Photo-transistor which generate an electrical signal of approximately
equal to input voltage.
 The microcontroller gives instructions
to H Bridge to perform work on Motors.
 AT MEGA32 MICROCONTROLLER

 A microcontroller is a small computer on a single integrated circuit containing a processor

core, memory, and programmable input/output peripherals.
 It is decision making device used widely in embedded system and all intelligent devices.
 Relatively easy to program.
 H-BRIDGE
 An H bridge is an electronic circuit used in robotics and
other applications to allow DC motors to run forwards and
backwards.
 The micro-controller generates a logic signal using the
input from sensors to drive H-Bridge.
 The logic from micro-controller to H-Bridge decides that
in which direction the motor should run
OUTPUT
 CONCLUSION

 We learn the basic working of phototransistors and H-Bridge.

 How to implement a real life problems using a Microcontroller.