MANUSIA DAN LINGKUNGAN

• LINGKUNGAN (Environment) → Ecology (Ernes Hekel)

Interaction interdependently among organims with
environmental compoments.
• Odeum Eugen,P. (1980): Usually ecology is defined as the
study of relation organisms or groups of organism and their
environment, or the science of interrelations between
living organisms and their environment
• Lingkungan manusia → Human Ecology (Hawely, 1950)

HUMAN

MICRO
ORGANISME PLANTS
SOIL
ANIMAL
S WATER

Conditional components: Climate,air, and geografical factors.

Hubungan saling ketergantungan dari semua komponen
lingkungan bersifat fungsional dlm menciptakan ekosistem
(sistem lingkungan)
 PANDANGAN MANUSIA THD ALAM
Anthropocentrism (David Held)
The all enviroment recources for human needs.
Glattonous (serakah) – exploitation on enviroment resources – damage enviroment
– suffering human
Enviroment Ethics – based moral using enviromental resources – sustanable
ecosystem

Optimism (W.Mc. Neil)

Manusia dpt mengubah lingkungan utk memenuhi kebutuhannya dengan
menggunakan teknologi yg mengolah sumber-sumber yg ada di lingkungan

Probabilism (E.C. Semple, Paul Van Dela Black)

Faktor geografi sangat mungkin mempengaruhi pembangunan sosial budaya

Determinism (Charles Darwin, F. Ratzel)

Lingungan merupakan bagian yg tak terpisahkan dari manusia – teori Evolusi
HUB MANUSIA DG LINGKUNGAN
 POPULATION AND ENVIRONMENT
1. NEEDS FULFILLMENT FROM ENVIRONMENT
Biological needs(habitat,food,reproduction)
Recreation (psychological needs)
Socialization individuals in comunities
2. Population Growth
Fertility
Mobility
Mortality
3. ANXIETY ON TRENDS: Population ↔Environment
Growth population rapidely while life place is state
Needs increasing
Unrenewable limited resources
Competetion on using resources
Environmental damage more seriously
 ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE

EFFECTS FROM HUMAN ACTIVITIES

1. Transfortation :→Polution → Pb, CO2
2. Industrialization :→Global warming → Efek rumah - Increasing
warm is 3-4 C
3. Environmental degradation:
Discuss about environmental problems which effects from human
activities!!!
1) Abrasi
2) Erosi
3) Hilangnya unsur hara
ACTION FOR ENVIROMENTAL SUISTANABLE
1. AMDAL
2. REBOIZATION (GREEN REVOLUTION)
3. BLUE SKY PROGRAMME
4. CLEAN RIVERS PROGRAME
5. ISO
6. ALTERNATIF TECNOLOGY

PROBLEM LINGKUNGAN
• Lingkungan yg mengancam kehidupan
manusia dan ekosistem
• TUGAS: Pilih prolem aktual lingkungan,
buat paper, dan didiskusikan!