INCLUSIVE

EDUCATION
By: Ms. Shiela C. Llorando
What is Inclusive
Education?
 LGBTQ
 CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS
 NATIVES (Cultural Diversity)
Exceptionalities
 A child who has an exceptionality has some area of functioning in
which he or she is significantly different from an established norm.
This definition includes both students with disabilities and those
with special gifts or talents.
Exceptional children is an inclusive term that refers to
children with learning and/or behavior problems, children
with physical disabilities or sensory impairments, and
children with superior intellectual
abilities and/or special talents.

The term students with disabilities is more restrictive

than exceptional children because it does not include gifted
and talented children
At risk refers to children who, although not currently identified as
having
a disability, are considered to have a greater than usual chance of
developing one. Educators often apply the term to infants and
preschoolers who, because of biological conditions, events
surrounding their births, or environmental deprivation, may be
expected to experience developmental problems at a later time. The
term is also used
to refer to students who are experiencing significant learning or
behavioral problems in the general education classroom and are
therefore at risk of being diagnosed with a disability.
Developmental Delays
-the condition of a child being less developed mentally or physically
than is normal for its age.

Disorders
-a physical or mental condition that is not normal or healthy
-A disorder is a problem or illness which affects someone's
mind or body
Disability
-having a physical or mental condition that limits movements,
senses, or activities.

Impairment
- the act of impairing something or the state or condition of being
impaired : diminishment or loss of function or ability
Handicapped
-having a condition that markedly restricts one's ability to function
physically, mentally, or socially.
-not able to use part of your body or your mind because it has
been damaged or does not work normally.

Giftedness
-when their ability is significantly above the norm for their age.
The terms impairment , disability , and handicap are sometimes used
interchangeably, they are not synonymous.

Impairment refers to the loss or reduced function of a particular body part

or organ (e.g., a missing limb).

A disability exists when an impairment limits a person’s ability to perform

certain tasks (e.g., walk, see, add a row of numbers). A person with a
disability is not handicapped , however, unless the disability leads to
educational, personal, social, vocational, or other problems. For example, if
a child who has lost a leg learns to use a prosthetic limb and functions in
and out of school without problems, she is not handicapped, at least in
terms of her functioning in the physical environment.
Handicap refers to a problem or a disadvantage that a person with a
disability or an impairment encounters when interacting with the
environment. A disability may pose a handicap in one environment but
not in another.

Ex. The child with a prosthetic limb may be handicapped (i.e.,

disadvantaged) when competing against nondisabled peers on the
basketball court but experience no disadvantage in the classroom. Many
people with disabilities experience handicaps that are the result of
negative attitudes and inappropriate behavior of others who needlessly
restrict their access and ability to participate fully in school, work, or
community
activities.
 Autism
a developmental disability significantly affecting verbal and nonverbal
communication
 and social interaction, generally evident before age 3 that adversely
affects a child's educational performance
engagement in repetitive activities and stereotyped movements
 resistance to environmental change or change in daily routines, and
unusual responses to sensory experiences.
The term does not apply if a child's educational performance is adversely
affected primarily because the child has an emotional disturbance.
Orthopedic Impairment - term includes impairments caused by congenital anomaly (e.g.,
clubfoot, absence of some member, etc.), impairments caused by disease (e.g., poliomyelitis,
bone tuberculosis, etc.), and impairments from other causes (e.g., cerebral palsy, amputations,
and fractures or burns that cause contractures).
Other Health Impairment
 having limited strength,
vitality or alertness, including
a heightened alertness to
environmental stimuli, that
results in limited alertness
with respect to the educational
environment
 Is due to chronic or acute
health problems such as:
asthma, attention deficit
disorder or attention deficit
hyperactivity disorder,
diabetes, epilepsy,
 a. heart condition, hemophilia,
lead poisoning, leukemia,
nephritis, rheumatic fever, and
sickle cell anemia;
 b. adversely affects a child's
educational performance.
 Specific learning disability (SLD)
The umbrella term “SLD” covers a specific group of
learning issues. The conditions in this group affect a
child’s ability to read, write, listen, speak, reason or do
math. Here are some of the issues that could fall in this
group:
•Dyslexia
•Dysgraphia
•Dyscalculia
•Auditory processing disorder
•Nonverbal learning disability
DYSLEXIA
- A READING DISORDER
 Dysgraphia
-INABILITY TO WRITE COHERENTLY
Dyscalculia
-difficulty IN MAKING ARITHMETICAL CALCULATIONS
 Dysphasia
-language disorder marked by the deficiency
in the generation of speech, due to brain
disease or brain damage
 Color Blindness
-difficulty differentiating
colors
 Agnosia
-the inability to process sensory information
-loss of ability to recognize objects, persons,
sounds, shapes or smells
 Phonagnosia
- is the inability to recognize and
identify familiar voice
-develops when the brain suffers a
damage to a certain part of sound
association region
 Prosopagnosia
– also called face blindness
- a cognitive disorder of face perception in
which the ability to recognize familiar faces,
including one’s own self, is impaired
- problems remembering places and
landmarks
 Topographagnosia-
an inability to process the special layout
of an environment, including landmark
agnosia, difficult recognizing buildings
and places, difficulty building mental
maps of a location or scene
 Alexithymia
-inability to identify and describe emotions
experienced by oneself or others
-dysfunction in emotional awareness, social
attachment, and interpersonal relating
-has difficulty in distinguishing and
appreciating the emotions of others
AUDITORY PROCESSING
DISORDER
-is a hearing problem that affects about 5% of
school-aged children. Kids with this condition
can't process what they hear in the same way
other kids do because their ears and brain
don't fully coordinate
 Non-verbal Learning
Disability
Has trouble interpreting nonverbal cues like facial
expressions or body language and may have poor
coordination.
A disorder which is usually characterized by a
significant discrepancy between higher verbal skills
and weaker motor, visual-spatial and social skills
Speech or Language Impairment
- a communication disorder, such as stuttering,
impaired articulation, language impairment, or
a voice impairment, that adversely affects a
child's educational performance.
Gifted and Talented
Typically the 6 types of giftedness
includes:
•The successful (Type 1)
•The challenging (Type 2)
•The underground (Type 3)
•The dropouts (Type 4)
•The double labeled (Type 5) and
•The autonomous learner (Type 6)