Chapter 7B

Survey of PC and Network Operating

Systems
 PC Operating Systems
• Microsoft Windows is the most popular
– Installed more than other OS combined
– Installed on about 95% of computers
– Apple and Linux represent the other 5%

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 PC Operating Systems
• Apple and Linux represent the other 5%
• MC OS
• Unix
• Linux

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Chapter 6B : Operating System Basics
 PC Operating Systems
• Microsoft Windows- the most popular
– DOS (PC DOS, MS DOS)- 1980s –16 bit OS, Single User, Single-tasking
– Windows 3.x (3, 3.1 and 3.11)-1990 –16 bit OS, multi-tasking
– Windows NT- 1993 - 32 bit OS, multi-tasking, network (multi-user)
– Windows 9.x(95, 98, ME)- 32/16 bit, improved multi-tasking, multimedia,
network support, GUI, plug and play, task bar (start button), Internet explorer
– Windows 2000 – support SMP, user friendly interface
– Windows XP -2001 – three dim look, 64 bit OS for AMD’s processors
– Windows Vista- 2006- reliability, security
– Windows 7- 2009
– Windows 8- 2012
– Windows 8.1
– Windows 10 -2015
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Chapter 6B : Operating System Basics
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 PC Operating Systems
• DOS -1980s
– Disk Operating System
– Single user single-tasking OS
– Command line interface
– 16-bit OS
– Powerful
– Fast
– Supports legacy applications
– PC DOS and MS DOS used in both IBM
compatible and other PCs
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 PC Operating Systems
• DOS Weaknesses
– Single user and single-tasking only
– No built-in support for networking
– Installation of driver for adding new hardware
– Support limited amount of RAM and 16-bit
program only
– Users to remember cryptic command language
– time consuming and tedious
**User friendliness, reliability, flexibility, capacity, power,
security, speed consideration for further development,

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DOS Application

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 PC Operating Systems
• Windows NT -1993
– Designed for a powerful system
– 32-bit OS
– Very stable
– Windows NT Workstation
• Single user multi-tasking OS
– Windows NT Server
• Multi user multi-tasking OS
• Network operating system

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 PC Operating Systems
• Windows 9x
– 95, 98, and Millennium Edition (Me)
– 32-bit OS
• Supported 16-bit programs well
– Very pretty but not stable OS
– Still found in large corporations
– 95 introduced the Start button
– 98 introduced active desktop and Internet
Explorer
– Me improved multimedia software 7B-10
 PC Operating Systems
• Windows 2000
– Look of 9x with NT stability
– Optimized for office and developers
– Application software ran very well
– Entertainment software ran very poorly

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 PC Operating Systems
• Windows XP -2001
– Microsoft’s newest desktop product
– Different look from 2000
– Many different versions ( Digital Media Support, Advance
Networking and communication and Advance Mobile Computing)
– Digital multimedia support was enhanced
– Communications was enhanced
– Mobile computing became a priority

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 PC Operating Systems
• Windows Vista -2006
– Enhanced reliability, security, easy deployment
– Five different versions
• Home Basic
• Home Premium
• Business
• Ultimate
• Enterprise

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 PC Operating Systems
• Windows 7:
• The WFU standard operating system for the ThinkPad
is the Microsoft 32 bit Windows 7 Enterprise
edition. The primary features of Windows 7 are:
• Start Menu
• Taskbar and Notification Area
• Windows Snipping Tool
• Displaying to a External Monitor or Projector
• Using Local Area Networks (LAN/WiFi)
• Windows Explorer Favorites
• Windows Explorer Libraries

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 PC Operating Systems
• Windows 8 - Released in October 2012
• Most radical overhaul of the Windows interface, ditching the Start
button and Start menu in favor of a more touch-friendly Start screen.
• Faster than previous versions of Windows and included support for the
new, much faster USB 3.0 devices.
• The Windows Store, which offers universal Windows apps that run in a
full-screen mode only
• It also took advantage of new technologies such as :
– Near field communications
– Universal Serial Bus 3.0 (USB 3.0)
– low-power ARM architecture
– cloud computing and UEFI firmware
– latest and updated security features like malware filtering, spam detection, built-in
antivirus capabilities and intrusion prevention system.

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 PC Operating Systems
• Windows 10 - Announced on 30 September 2014
• Windows 10 is bringing back the Start menu and more balance
to traditional desktop computer users.
• Some interesting features include the ability to switch between
a keyboard and mouse mode and a tablet mode, with a
detachable keyboard.
• unify all Windows platforms across multiple devices, including
Windows Phone and tablets, with universal apps that can be
downloaded from the Windows Store and run on all Windows
devices.

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 PC Operating Systems
• UNIX
– Runs on all computer types
– 32- or 64-bit
– Similar to DOS, command line interface
– Composed of 3 parts:
• Kernel – allocate memory and time
• shell – checks the correct users and password
• the programs-
– Very stable, fast and reliable (rarely crashes)
– Can cost thousands of dollars
Popular to Engineer for CAD, CAM and high level
workstations 7B-17
 PC Operating Systems
• Linux
– Free or inexpensive version of UNIX
– 32-bit OS
– Very stable and fast
– Most flavors are open source
– X Windows GUI
• Command line interface is available

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Linux Desktop

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 PC Operating Systems
• Macintosh operating systems
– OS X
– Based on FreeBSD Linux
– Very stable and easy to configure
– Only runs on Mac hardware

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OS X Desktop

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 Network Operating System Features
• Network operating system
• Fast and stable
• Runs on servers
• Multi-user and multi-tasking OS
• 32- or 64-bit

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 Network Operating System Features
• File and print sharing
– Users access the same files
– Hundreds of users use a printer
– Different OS can interact

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 Network Operating System Features
• Data integrity
– Backups copies data onto tape
– RAID copies data onto other drives
• Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks
• Relies on two or more hard drives
• May speed access to data

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 Network Operating System Features
• Data security
– Access to data can be restricted
– Access to server resources is controlled
– Audits can be kept

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 Network Operating System
• Designed to run on a Network Server
• Fast and stable
• Multi-user and multi-tasking OS
• 32- or 64-bit
• Available Option;
– Windows NT Server, Windows 2000 Server, Windows Sever
2003, Windows 2008 Sever, Windows 10 Server, Windows
16 Server
– Mac OS X
– Novell Netware
– UNIX 7B-26
Chapter 6B : Operating System Basics
 Networking Operating Systems
• NT Server
– Same core as NT Workstation
– Security added
– Multi user capability added
– RAID support included

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 Networking Operating Systems
• Windows 2000 Server
– Same technology as 2000 workstation
– Active Directory (AD)
• Central database of server resources
• Simplifies network management
– Distributed programs supported
– Server Standard Edition
– Advanced Server Edition
– Data Center Edition
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 Networking Operating Systems
• Windows 2003 Server -2003
– Designed to compete with UNIX
– XP like interface
– Better support for XP computers
– MS .NET framework supported
– Distributed programs are supported
– Server Standard Edition
– Data Center Edition
– Introduced in E-commerce
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Networking Operating Systems
• Windows 2008 Server
– Increase reliability and flexibility
– Different version to support 32-bit and 64-bit system
with, 64 processors and 17 server roles
– Five versions (Standard, Enterprise, Data Center and Web)
support up to 2TB RAM
– Main Features include
• PowerShell new command line
• User interface like Windows 2003
• “Bitlocker” for the complete encoding of the hard disk
• Windows Share Point Services
• NAP( Network Access Protection)
• WDS( Windows Deployment Services)
• WSRM (Windows System Resource Management)
• Windows Server back up 7B-30
Networking Operating Systems
• Windows 2010 Server
• Windows 2012 Server
• Windows 2016 Server
– Active Directory Federation Services (AD FS)
– Windows Defender
– Remote Desktop Services (RDS)
– Storage Services
– High-availability clusters
– Web Application Proxy (WAP)
– Internet Information Services (IIS)
– Windows Server Containers
– Rolling Hyper-V cluster update
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 Networking Operating Systems
• UNIX for servers
– Oldest NOS in widespread use
– Stable secure and fast
– Main OS for Internet and Web
– Large organizations depend on UNIX

Popular in Bank, Fin Institutes, Internet,

manufacturing. Web server and internet domain

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 Networking Operating Systems
• Linux for servers
– Popular in small businesses
– Stable, fast and cost-effective
– Product bundle by Red Hat and Novell
– Linux’s popularity is growing

Popular for Website hosting and internet domain

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 Embedded Operating Systems
• Devices have EOS built in
• Cell phones, PDAs, medical equipment
• Stable and fast
• Available Option:
– Windows XP
– Windows CE
– Palm OS
– Pocket PC
– Symbian
Chapter 6B : Operating System7B-34
Basics
 Embedded Operating Systems
• Windows XP embedded
– Based on Windows XP
– Customized for each device

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 Embedded Operating Systems
• Windows CE
– Not based on a desktop OS
– Customized for each device
– PDA and cell phones
– Microsoft Automotive will run in cars

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 Embedded Operating Systems
• Palm OS
– Standard on Palm PDA
– First PDA OS for consumers
– Can be found on cell phones

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 Embedded Operating Systems
• Pocket PC
– Developed by Microsoft to compete with Palm
– Not customizable
– Interacts securely with business networks
– Can control PCs through PC

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 Embedded Operating Systems
• Symbian
– Found in smart cell phones
– Games, Instant Messaging, Internet
– Full color display

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 Chapter Summery
• PC operating System- to run in PC, features, weaknesses,
chronological improvements
– DOS, Windows NT, Windows 9x,Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows 8, Windows 10
– MAC OS
– UNIX
– Linux

• Network Operating System- To support network- features include

resource sharing, data integrity, data security
– Windows NT Server, Windows 2000 Server, Windows Sever 2003, Windows 2008 Sever,
Windows 10 Server, Windows 16 Server
– Mac OS X
– Novell Netware
– UNIX

• Embedded Operating System –to run in small gadget

– Windows XP, Windows CE, Palm OS ,Pocket PC, Symbian, Android
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Chapter 7B

End of Chapter
 Network Operating System
• Designed to run on a Network server
• Fast and stable
• Multi-user and multitasking OS
• 32- or 64-bit
• Available Option;
– Windows NT Server, Windows 2008
– Mac OS X
– Novell Netware
– UNIX
– Linux 7B-42
 Embedded Operating Systems
• Devices have EOS built in
• Cell phones, PDAs, medical equipment
• Stable and fast
• Available Option:
– Windows XP
– Windows CE
– Palm OS
– Pocket PC
– Symbian
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