FIBONACCI SEQUENCE

• Fibonacci observed numbers in nature. His most popular

contribution perhaps is the number that we see in the
petals of flowers. The flower of calla lily has only one
petal, trillium has three, hibiscus has five, the cosmos
flowers has eight, corn marigold has 13, some asters have
21, and a daisy flower can have 34,55, or 89 petals.
Surprisingly, these petals counts represent the first eleven
numbers of the Fibonacci sequence of numbers. Not all
petal numbers of flowers, however, follow this pattern
discovered by Fibonacci.
Calla lily has one petal
Trillium Flower has Hibiscus Flower has 5 Cosmos flower has 8
three petals petals petals
 Daisy flowers have 34
Corn Marigold has 13 Asters have 21
Daisy flowers can have 55 or 89 petals
The principle behind the Fibonacci numbers is as follows
Let Xn be the nth integer in the Fibonacci sequence, the next (n + 1)th term
Xn+1 is determined by adding nth and the (n-1)th integer.
Consider these few terms:
𝑋1 = 1 be the term, 𝑋2 = 1 be the second term, to find the 3rd term
𝑋3 𝑖𝑠 𝑓𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑑 𝑏𝑦
Third Term 𝑋3 = 𝑋1 + 𝑋2 n = 6 : 𝑋6 = 3 + 5 = 8
=1+1 n = 7 : 𝑋7 = 5 + 8 = 13
= 2 n = 8: 𝑋8 = 8 + 13 = 21
Fourth term 𝑋4 = 1 + 2 n = 9: 𝑋9 = 13 + 21 = 34
=3
Fifth term 𝑋5 = 2 + 3 Find 𝑋10 , 𝑋11 . 𝑋12 , 𝑋13
=5
THE GOLDEN RATIO – It is interesting to note that
the ratio of two consecutive Fibonacci numbers
approaches the golden ratio: that is:
𝐹𝑛
= 1.6180339887 …
𝐹𝑛−1
THE GOLDEN RATIO IN
NATURE
Fibonacci Spirals on Pineapple
Fibonacci on Pine Cones
Golden Proportion of Human Body
Golden Ratio on Tiger’s face and Koala
The snal’s Shell
Golden Ratio In Arts
 Mona Lisa
The Geometry Of Beauty In The Paintings By
Leonardo da Vinci
Notre-Dame Cathedral or simply Notre-Dame in Paris, France
was essentially complete by 1345.
The exterior dimension of the Parthenon in
Athens, Greece embodies the golden ratio.
The magnificent temple on the Acropolis of Athens,
known as the Parthenon, was built between 447 and 432
BCE in the Age of Pericles, and it was dedicated to the
city’s patron deity Athena. The temple was constructed
to house the new cult statue of the goddess by Pheidias
and to proclaim to the world the success of Athens as
leader of the coalition of Greek forces which had
defeated the invading Persian armies of Darius and
Xerxes. The temple would remain in use for more than a
thousand years, and despite the ravages of time,
explosions, looting, and pollution damage, it still
dominates the modern city of Athens, a magnificent
testimony to the glory and renown the city enjoyed