OMPHALOCELE

Romzi Khairullah
7120180

dr. Liza Chairani, Sp. A, M. Kes

2

Background

The World Health Organization

estimates 4 million children die during the
neonatal period each year, mainly in developing
countries with infection as the main
cause.
3

Background

300,000 babies died from tetanus

460,000 others died due to severe infections

omphalitis as one of the important predispositions.

4

Purposes and Objectives

1.
It is hoped that all medical students will be able to
understand every case of Omphalitis and
abnormalities in umbilicus.
5

Purposes and Objectives

2.
It is expected that there will be a critical mindset
after discussions about omphalitis and
abnormalities in umbilicus.
6

Purposes and Objectives

3.
It is hoped that all medical students will be able to
apply their understanding of the cases of omphalitis
and abnormalities in umbilicus.
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LITERATURE REVIEW
8

Definition
Omphalitis is an infection of the
umbilicus and / or surrounding tissue,
mainly occurring on the neonatal
period.
9 Epidemiology

In developing countries,
the incidence of neonates
being born in hospitals can
be close to 8%, at home
the incidence reaches
22%.
10

Risk Factors

Primary Risks
Secondary Other Risks
Improper
Risks Imunocompro
management
Rupture of mised
ofumbilical
Membrane neonates
cord
11

Etiologies
85% of infections are dominated by
Staphylococcus aureus, A
Streptococcus, Escherichia coli,
Klebsiella pneumonia, and Proteus
mirabilis.
12

Pathophysiology
The umbilical stump heals by granulation and
epithelialization.
Some babies born with umbilical herniation due to
defects that do not close completely and linea alba
remains separated.
 Sign and
13

Symptoms
• Pain around umbilical cord
• Erythema
• Umbilical cord induration
• Superficial cellulite
• Purulent drainage
• Systemic symptomps
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15

Managements

Curative Supportive Dietary

Antimicrobial ▸ Oxygen for Parenteral.
therapy given is hypoxemic or
broad-spectrum unresponsive
parenteral apnea
antibiotics for ▸ Rehydration for
gram-positive and hypotension
gram-negative
▸ Transfusion for
bacteria.
DIC or
hemorrhage
16

Complications
• Possible complications:
• Necrotizing fasciitis
• Evisceration
• Peritonitis
• Abscess
17

NECROTIZING
FASCIITIS
18

EVISCERATION
19

Complications
• Further complications:
• Portal vein thrombosis
• Umbilical hernia
20

UMBILICAL
HERNIA
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22

Prognosis
The percentage of deaths that occur in
neonates with omphalitis is around 7-
15%.
23

Prognosis
However, the incidence can increase to
38-87% in neonates who have
experienced complications such as
necrotizing fasciitis or myonecrosis.
24

CONCLUSION
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1.
Omphalitis is an infection of
the umbilicus and / or
surrounding tissue, especially
in the neonatal period.
26

2.
The cause of omphalitis is a factor
that contributes to the onset of
umbilical cord infection
27

3.
The etiology of omphalitis is due
to infection from bacteria
28

4.
Therapy that can be given in
omphalitis is the provision of
antimicrobial and supportive
treatments such as oxygen.
29

5.
Other abnormalities of the
umbilicus is in the form of patent
ductus omphalomesenteric,
umbilical hernia, and patent
ductus urachus
30

THANK
YOU