CHORIONIC VILLUS AMNIOCENTESIS

SAMPLING
TIME 10-12 WEEKS 15-20 WEEKS

RESULT By direct preparation-24 Culture 3-4 weeks

hours, Culture – 10 days –
3weeks
Termination 1st Trimester - safe 2nd Trimester- risky
of Pregnancy
Fetal loss 0.7% 0.5%

Accuracy Upto 97.5% may need Highly accurate (99.6%)

amniocentesis for
confirmation
Maternal Very little More traumatic psychologically
effects and physically
PROCEDURE RELATED PREGNANCY LOSS RATE IS 1-2%
A normal, healthy fetal heart rate should possess average or moderate variability.

Decreasing variability is an indicator of possible stress.

• Accelerations: The fetal heart rate will normally remain
steady or accelerate during uterine contractions. Look at the
fetal heart rate and what is happening with contractions.
 · An early deceleration begins at or after the onset of a
contraction and returns
to the baseline rate by the time the contraction has finished
and produces a mirror
image of the contraction.
· Early decelerations are not a sign of fetal problems.
Late Decelerations: Late decelerations are transitory decreases in heart rate caused
by uteroplacental insufficiency, a compromised blood flow to the baby that does not
deliver the amount of oxygen needed to withstand the stress of labor.

The late deceleration begins after the onset of the peak or middle of the contraction
and ends after the contraction.
· A late deceleration begins during or after a contraction and has not recovered by
the time that the contraction has ended. A late deceleration indicates decreased blood
flow during uterine contraction. Note: Persistent late decelerations are ominous
Variable Decelerations: Variable decelerations are transitory decreases in fetal heart rate
caused by umbilical cord compression.

A variable deceleration is unrelated to contractions. They mean umbilical cord

compression.
· They may appear V-shaped or U-shaped
If the baseline fetal heart rate remains stable and the variability remains good,
variable decelerations are not associated with poor fetal outcome.
·They indicate possible compromise if they become prolonged or are persistent.