SEJARAH KESELAMATAN

DAN KESIHATAN
PEKERJAAN
HISTORY OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND
HEALTH

AW 101 – KESELAMATAN DAN KESIHATAN

PEKERJAAN 1
AW 101 – OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH 1

ISMAIL BIN MOHAMED

JABATAN KEJURUTERAAN MEKANIKAL
POLITEKNIK IBRAHIM SULTAN
 AW 101 – KESELAMATAN DAN
KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN 1
AW 101 – OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND
HEALTH 1

TOPIC 1 –
INTRODUCTION TO OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND
HEALTH
Introduction to the concept and history of Occupational Safety and
Health and the basic understanding on safety & accident.
CLO 1 –
DESCRIBE THE OSH REGULATIONS AND
COMPLIANCE AND HOW IT WILL CREATE SAFE
WORKING ENVIRONMENT
WEEK 2 –
2 ( 17 DIS – 21 DIS 2012 )
 PENTINGNYA KESELAMATAN DI
TEMPAT KERJA
THE IMPORTANCE OF SAFETY IN THE WORKPLACE

Pengadaan dan penyenggaraan loji dan sistem kerja yang selamat

dan tanpa risiko kepada kesihatan;
the provision and maintenance of plant and systems of work that are,
so far as is practicable, safe and without risks to health;

Bahawa loji itu direkabentuk dan dibina sebegitu rupa supaya selamat
dan tanpa risiko kepada kesihatan apabila digunakan dengan
sepatutnya;
the plant is so designed and constructed as to be safe and without
risks to health when properly used;

Memakai atau menggunakan pada sepanjang masa apa-apa

kelengkapan atau pakaian perlindungan yang diadakan oleh majikan
bagi maksud mencegah apa-apa risiko kepada keselamatan dan
kesihatannya;
wear or use at all times any protective equipment or clothing
provided by the employer for the purpose of preventing risks to his
safety and health
 TERMALOGI UTAMA BAGI
KESELAMATAN
THE MAJOR SAFETY TERMINOLOGIES

Loji dan sistem kerja yang selamat

Safe plant and safe system of work

Penggunaan, pengendalian, penanganan, penyimpanan yang

selamat
Safe use, operation, handling, storage

Maklumat, arahan, latihan dan penyeliaan

Information, instruction, training and supervision

Tempat kerja, jalan masuk dan jalan keluar yang selamat

Safe workplace, access and egress

Persekitaran kerja yang selamat

Safe working environment
 SEJARAH KESELAMATAN DAN
KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN
HISTORY OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

Kod Hammurabi
Pengurusan keselamatan dan kesihatan pekerjaan
dijejak seawal tahun 2500 Sebelum Masihi di Babylon,
melalui kod Hammurabi.

Raja yang telah memerintah berpandukan kod undang-

undang dipahat pada sebuah monumen batu hitam,
lebih kurang 2.4 meter tinggi dan dipamerkan untuk
tatapan rakyatnya.

Antara yang berkaitan dengan pengaturan keselamatan

pekerjaan ialah kod ini menetapkan agar pencegahan
kemalangan dilakukan melalui pembalasan berupa
denda.
 SEJARAH KESELAMATAN DAN
KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN
HISTORY OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

Code Hammurabi
Occupational safety and health management traced to
as early as 2500 BC in Babylon, the Hammurabi code.

The king who ruled according to the code of law carved

on a black stone monument, about 2.4 meters high and
on display for the viewing population.

Among those associated with occupational settings is

the code set for the prevention of accidents through
retaliation in the form of fines.
 SEJARAH KESELAMATAN DAN
KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN
HISTORY OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

Kod Hammurabi
Kawalan yang dicadangkan oleh kod ini dipanggil
‘Pembalasan’. Jika didapati kecuaian mengakibatkan
kematian maka mereka akan menerima balasan yang
setimpal ,

Dan jika mengakibatkan kerugian maka dikehendaki

menggantikan kerugian tersebut.

"Kod Hammurabi mengatur organisasi masyarakat

berpandukan kod undang-undang yang dipamer dan
dimaklumkan kepada semua rakyat untuk dipatuhi. Kod
menekankan hukuman bagi kesalahan"
 SEJARAH KESELAMATAN DAN
KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN
HISTORY OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

Code Hammurabi
Control suggested by this code is called ‘Judgement'. If
possible negligence resulting in death, they will receive
a reward

And if the resulting loss is then required to replace

losses.

"Hammurabi code regulates the organization of society

based on legal codes displayed and communicated to
all the people to be followed. The code emphasizes
punishment the offense "
 SEJARAH KESELAMATAN DAN
KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN
HISTORY OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

Revolusi industri dan perkembangan legiftatif

keselamatan dan kesihatan pekerjaan di United
Kingdom .

Tahun 1833, akta kilang diwartakan dengan tujuan untuk

menghadkan masa kerja pekerja yang berumur di
bawah 18 tahun kepada 10 jam.

Tahun 1844 dengan akta kilang membuat peruntukan

undang-undang untuk mengawal suasana kerja di mana
buruh kanak-kanak digunakan dan memagar mesin
yang membahayakannya.
 SEJARAH KESELAMATAN DAN
KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN
HISTORY OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

Legiftatif industrial revolution and the development of

occupational safety and health in the United Kingdom.

1833, factories act enacted for the purpose of limiting

the employment of workers under the age of 18 to 10
hours.

In 1844 the factories act makes provision of law to

regulate working conditions in which child labour is
used and the fence that hurt the machine.
 SEJARAH KESELAMATAN DAN
KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN
HISTORY OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

Tahun 1972, sebuah jawatankuasa yang diketuai Lord

Roben mendapati beberapa kelemahan yang melibatkan
undang-undang sedia ada dan bilangan kemalangan
pekerjaan yang tidak berkurangan.

Tahun 1974, Akta 1961 telah diatasi oleh Akta Kesihatan

dan Keselamatan di tempat kerja atau ‘ Health And
Safety At Work Act ’, 1974 (HASAWA 1974). Pentadbiran
HASAWA, 1974, dan segala perundangan yang dibuat di
bawahnya adalah menjadi tanggungjawab sebuah
badan berkanun yang dipanggil Suruhanjaya Kesihatan
dan Keselamatan (Health and Safety Commission, HSC)
 SEJARAH KESELAMATAN DAN
KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN
HISTORY OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

In 1972, a committee headed by Lord Roben found some

weaknesses involving the existing law and the number
of occupational accidents is not decreasing.

In 1974, Act 1961 had been addressed by the health and

safety in the workplace or 'health and safety at work
Act', 1974 (HASAWA 1974). HASAWA administration,
1974, and all laws made there under shall be the
responsibility of a statutory body called the health and
safety commission (health and safety commission, hsc).
 SEJARAH KESELAMATAN DAN
KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN
HISTORY OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

PENGURUSAN KESELAMATAN DAN KESIHATAN

PEKERJAAN DI MALAYSIA

1. ERA KESELAMATAN DANDANG – SEBELUM 1914

2. ERA KESELAMATAN JENTERA – 1914 HINGGA 1952
3. ERA KESELAMATAN INDUSTRI – 1953 HINGGA 1967
4. ERA KESELAMATAN INDUSTRI – 1970 HINGGA 1994
5. ERA KESELAMATAN DAN KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN -
SELEPAS 1994
 SEJARAH KESELAMATAN DAN
KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN
HISTORY OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT

IN MALAYSIA

1. ERA BOILER SAFETY - BEFORE 1914

2. ERA SAFETY EQUIPMENT - 1914 TO 1952
3. ERA INDUSTRIAL SAFETY - 1953 TO 1967
4. ERA INDUSTRIAL SAFETY - 1970 TO 1994
5. ERA OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH -
POST 1994
 PENGURUSAN KESELAMATAN DAN KESIHATAN
PEKERJAAN DI MALAYSIA
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT IN
MALAYSIA

UNDANG-UNDANG KESELAMATAN DAN KESIHATAN

DI MALAYSIA

LATAR BELAKANG

The Selangor Boiler Enactment 1896

The Perak Boiler Enactment 1903
The Penang Boiler Enactment
The Mining Enactment 1926
The Johor Boiler Enactment 1937
The Machinery Ordinance 1953
The Factories and Machinery Act 1967
The Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994
 PENGURUSAN KESELAMATAN DAN KESIHATAN
PEKERJAAN DI MALAYSIA
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT IN
MALAYSIA

SAFETY AND HEALTH LEGISLATION IN MALAYSIA

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

- The Selangor Boiler Enactment 1896

- The Perak Boiler Enactment 1903
- The Penang Boiler Enactment
- The Mining Enactment 1926
- The Johor Boiler Enactment 1937
- The Machinery Ordinance 1953
- The Factories and Machinery Act 1967
- The Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994
 PENGURUSAN KESELAMATAN DAN KESIHATAN
PEKERJAAN DI MALAYSIA
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT IN
MALAYSIA

PERKEMBANGAN DI NEGERI SELAT

Ordinan Dandang Stim 1876

Ordinan Dandang Stim 1887
Ordinan Mesin 1921

DEVELOPMENTS IN STRAIT AFFAIRS

Steam Boiler Ordinance 1876

Steam Boiler Ordinance 1887
Machinery Ordinance 1921
 PENGURUSAN KESELAMATAN DAN KESIHATAN
PEKERJAAN DI MALAYSIA
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT IN
MALAYSIA

PERKEMBANGAN DI NEGERI MELAYU BERSEKUTU

Selangor Steam Boilers (Ashore) Inspection

Regulations1893
Selangor Boilers Enactment V of 1898
Enakmen Dandang Stim 1903
Enakmen Mesin 1913
Enakmen Mesin 1927
Enakmen Mesin 1932
 PENGURUSAN KESELAMATAN DAN KESIHATAN
PEKERJAAN DI MALAYSIA
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT IN
MALAYSIA

DEVELOPMENTS IN FEDERATED MALAY STATES

Selangor Steam boilers (Ashore) Inspection

Regulations1893
Selangor Boilers Enactment V of 1898
Enactment Boiler 1903
Enactment Engine 1913
Enactment Engine 1927
Enactment Engine 1932
 PENGURUSAN KESELAMATAN DAN KESIHATAN
PEKERJAAN DI MALAYSIA
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT IN
MALAYSIA

PERKEMBANGAN SELEPAS PERSEKUTUAN TANAH

MELAYU

Ordinan Mesin 1953

DEVELOPMENTS AFTER THE FEDERAL LAND

MALAY

Machinery Ordinance 1953

 PENGURUSAN KESELAMATAN DAN KESIHATAN
PEKERJAAN DI MALAYSIA
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT IN
MALAYSIA

SELEPAS MERDEKA 1957

Akta Kilang dan Jentera 1967

Akta Keselamatan dan Kesihatan Pekerjaan 1994

AFTER MERDEKA 1957

Factories And Machinery Act 1967

Occupational Safety And Health Act 1994
 PENGURUSAN KESELAMATAN DAN KESIHATAN
PEKERJAAN DI MALAYSIA
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT IN
MALAYSIA

ERA KESELAMATAN PEKERJAAN

Keselamatan Dandang (Boiler)(sebelum 1914)

Keselamatan Mesin (1914-1952)
Keselamatan Industri (1953-1967)
Keselamatan dan Kesihatan Industri (1970-1994)
Keselamatan dan Kesihatan Pekerjaan (selepas 1994)
 PENGURUSAN KESELAMATAN DAN KESIHATAN
PEKERJAAN DI MALAYSIA
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT IN
MALAYSIA

ERA SAFETY

Safety Boiler (Boiler) (before 1914)

Machine Safety (1914-1952)
Industrial Safety (1953-1967)
Industrial Safety and Health (1970-1994)
Occupational Safety and Health (after 1994)
 PENGURUSAN KESELAMATAN DAN KESIHATAN
PEKERJAAN DI MALAYSIA
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT IN
MALAYSIA

MALAYSIA MEMILIKI BANYAK AKTA DAN PERATURAN

YANG KHUSUS UNTUK JENIS PEKERJAAN DAN
HAZARD TERTENTU SEPERTI ;

MALAYSIA HAS A LOT OF SPECIAL ACT AND REGULATIONS

FOR CERTAIN TYPES OF WORK AND HAZARD AS;

- AKTA KILANG DAN JENTERA 139, 1967 / THE FACTORIES AND

MACHINERY ACT 139,1967
- AKTA PELESENAN TENAGA ATOM 304, 1984 / ATOMIC ENERGY
LICENSING ACT 304, 1984
- AKTA BOMBA 341, 1988 / FIRE SERVICES ACT 341, 1988
- AKTA BEKALAN ELEKTRIK 447, 1990 / ELECTRICAL SUPPLY ACT
447, 1990
- AKTA KESELAMATAN DAN KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN 514, 1994 /
THE OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ACT 1994
 PENGURUSAN KESELAMATAN DAN KESIHATAN
PEKERJAAN DI MALAYSIA
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT IN
MALAYSIA

AKTA KILANG DAN JENTERA YANG SEDANG

DIJALANKAN
FACTORIES AND MACHINERY ACT IS GOING

- PERATURAN-PERATURAN (DANDANG SETIM DAN PENGANDUNG

TEKANAN TAK BERAPI) KILANG DAN JENTERA ,1970
- PERATURAN-PERATURAN (LIF-LIF PENUMPANG DAN BARANG)
KILANG DAN JENTERA, 1970
- PERATURAN-PERATURAN (PEMAGARAN JENTERA DAN
KESELAMATAN) KILANG DAN JENTERA, 1970
- PERATURAN-PERATURAN (KESELAMATAN, KESIHATAN DAN
KEBAJIKAN) KILANG DAN JENTERA, 1970
- PERATURAN-PERATURAN(PEMBERITAHUAN PERAKUAN
KELAYAKAN DAN PEMERIKSAAN) KILANG DAN JENTERA, 1970
 PENGURUSAN KESELAMATAN DAN KESIHATAN
PEKERJAAN DI MALAYSIA
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT IN
MALAYSIA

AKTA KILANG DAN JENTERA YANG SEDANG

DIJALANKAN
FACTORIES AND MACHINERY ACT IS GOING

- PERATURAN-PERATURAN (ORANG MENJAGA) KILANG DAN

JENTERA, 1970
- PERATURAN-PERATURAN (PERAKUAN KEBOLEHAN DAN
PEPERIKSAAN) KILANG DAN JENTERA, 1970
- PERATURAN-PERATURAN (PENTADBIRAN) KILANG DAN JENTERA,
1970
- PERATURAN-PERATURAN (KESALAHAN BOLEH DIKOMPAUN)
KILANG DAN JENTERA, 1978
- PERATURAN-PERATURAN PETROLEUM (TALIAN PAIP) 1985
 PENGURUSAN KESELAMATAN DAN KESIHATAN
PEKERJAAN DI MALAYSIA
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT IN
MALAYSIA

AKTA KILANG DAN JENTERA YANG SEDANG

DIJALANKAN
FACTORIES AND MACHINERY ACT IS GOING

- PERATURAN-PERATURAN (KERJA-KERJA KEJURUTERAAN DAN

BINAAN BANGUNAN) KILANG DAN JENTERA, 1981
- PERATURAN-PERATURAN (TIMAH HITAM) KILANG DAN JENTERA,
1984
- PERATURAN-PERATURAN (ASBESTOS) KILANG DAN JENTERA,
1986
- PERATURAN-PERATURAN (PENDEDAHAN BISING) KILANG DAN
JENTERA, 1989
- PERATURAN-PERATURAN (HABUK GALIAN) KILANG DAN
JENTERA, 1989
SEJARAH KESELAMATAN DAN
KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN
HISTORY OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

SEKIAN
TERIMA KASIH

ISMAIL BIN MOHAMED