COGNITIVE

DEVELOPMENT OF THE
PRESCHOOLERS
IN CONTINUATION…
YOUNG CHILDREN’S THEORY OF MIND
◦ Refers to individual thoughts about how mental processes work
◦ Various speculations and research findings suggest that social
experience is very important to the children’s cognitive development.
It includes;
1. Early forms of communication
2. Imitation
3. Make-believe Play
4. Language
5. Social Interaction
Module 17

SOCIO-EMOTIONAL
DEVELOPMENT OF THE
PRESCHOOLERS
SOCIO-EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT
Includes;
•Taking of Initiative - The development of Initiative
is crucial to the preschooler.
•Becoming more independent
•Improved abilities
•Limitless energy
•Strong desire to learn and explore
SOCIO-EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF
THE PRESCHOOLERS
o A healthy self-concept is needed for preschoolers to interact with
others.
o Environmental factors influence gender identity in young children.
o Preschoolers social development is shown through stages of play.
o The caregiving styles of parents and teachers affect the
preschoolers socio-emotional development.
o Preschoolers are interested in building friendships.
PRESCHOOLERS INITIATIVE
• Initiative VS. Guilt (Erick Erickson) – the first step
towards dependence.
• Judicious Permissiveness – involves setting realistic
boundaries that keep them safe and respectful to
self and others.
• Preschoolers will develop a healthy sense of
initiative in an affirming, encouraging, and
simulating environment.
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AND
GENDER OF THE PRESCHOOLERS
I. Preschoolers are beginning to grasp the concept
of how to fit into certain social groups.
II. Gender role learning – learning what behavior is
expected of the Males and Females
III. Develops by: Treatment, Sex/Gender typing,
Identification and Imitation.
Gender Views;
• Cultural Differences (Traditional View
& Sexual Stereotyping)
• Social Relations (Social learnings)
• Social Models (Adults)
What do preschoolers learn?
• Feelings and controlling emotions
• Dependency
• Fear and Anxiety (Unknown, Physical Injury
and Medical Work)
• Anger and Aggression
• Jealousy
PARTEN’S STAGES OF PLAY
Play is the main agenda of preschoolers and indeed a major business
for children.
1. Unoccupied
2. Onlooker
3. Solitary Play
4. Parallel Play
5. Associative Play
6. Cooperative
FRIENDSHIPS IN PRESCHOOL
Caregiving Styles (Responsiveness and Demandingness)
Baumrind’s Caregiving Styles
Authoritative – HD and HR
Permissive – LD and HR
Authoritarian – HD and LR
Negligent – LD and LR
Preschoolers are;
Expressive of Basic Emotions
Receptive to Others Emotions
Interactive with Adults
Implication:
The Role of Caregivers (Parents and
Teachers) are very important to the Socio-
emotional Development of the
Preschoolers for it affects how they choose
to see and act on themselves through
dealing Social Interactions and Relations.
THANK YOU AND GOD BLESS!