“Mental illness is nothing to be ashamed

of, but stigma and bias shame us all.”

~ Bill Clinton
What is Bipolar Disorder?

Bipolar disorder, also known

as manic-depressive illness,
is a brain disorder that
causes unusual shifts in
mood, energy, activity levels,
and the ability to carry out
day-to-day tasks.
Moods Alternate Between “Poles”

Severe mania
High Hypomania

Normal Mood

Lows Mild depression

Severe depression
Mania

 Persistent abnormally
elevated irritable mood
 > one week
Symptoms of Mania
 Inflated self-esteem/grandiosity
 Decreased need for sleep
 Racing thoughts or "flight of
ideas"
 Spending sprees
 Increased physical/mental energy
 Irritability/aggressive behavior
 Impulsive/risk taking
 Increased sexual drive
Depression

Feeling down
Loss of interest in enjoyable things
Symptoms of Depression (Cont.)

 Weight loss/gain
 Insomnia/hypersomnia
 Psychomotor agitation/slow down
 Fatigue/loss of energy
 Decreased ability to concentrate/make
decisions
 Recurrent thoughts of death/suicide
Between Mania and Depression

 Hypomania

 Mixed state
The diagnosis of bipolar disorder is done using the guidelines from
the ‘Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders’(DSM).
There are four types of bipolar disorder:
1. Bipolar I Disorder: this disorder usually last for 7 days. The manic symptomsare
sometimes so severe that the person may require immediate hospital care.
Sometimes depressive episodes also occur, lasting for 2 weeks.
2. Bipolar II Disorder: A pattern of depressive episodes and hypomania episodes
but not full-blown manicepisodes.
3. Cyclothymic Disorder: It is a mild form of bipolar disorder. People suffering
from Cyclothymic Disorder experience hypomania as well as mild depression. It
can last for 2 years.
4. Rapid-Cycling Bipolar Disorder: It is a severe form of bipolar disorder. A person
can suffer from major depression, hypomania or mixed states, all within one
year. It is likely to affect people who have their first bipolar episode at a younger
age.
 Bipolar Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (BP-NOS): In this, symptoms does
exist but does not meet the criteria of either Bipolar disorder I or II. The
symptoms are out of the range of person’s normal behaviour.
Treatment
Medication

Lifestyle Therapy
Long-term
Changes

Social
Support
 Medications
 Mood stabilizers
 Atypical antipsychotics
 Antidepressants

Psychotherapy
 Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
 Family-focused therapy
 Interpersonal and social rhythm therapy
 Psychoeducation
Self-Help For Bipolar Disorder

 Monitor your moods

 Make healthy choices
 Seek support
 Keep stress in check
 Get educated
The Warning Signs of Suicide
 Talking about death, self-harm, or suicide
 Feeling hopeless/helpless/worthless
 Withdraw from friends/family
 Acting recklessly
 Putting affairs in order or saying goodbye
 Seeking out weapons or pills
How to Help Someone Who
is Suicidal
Recognize Warning Signs

Offer Support/Help/Listen

Take It Seriously/Get Them Help

 Famous personalities

Catherine Zeta-Jones Jean-Claude Van Damme Vivien Leigh

Social Stigma and Bipolar
Disorder…….
References
Google Images. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.google.com/imghp?hl=en&tab=wi
Helpguide. (n.d.). Suicide prevention: Spotting : The signs and helping a suicidal person. Retrieved from
http://www.helpguide.org/mental/suicide_prevention.htm

Helpguide. (n.d.). Understanding bipolar disorder. Retrieved from

http://www.helpguide.org/mental/bipolar_disorder_symptoms_treatment.htm

Joskypay. (2007, December 5). How I would describe bipolar disorder [Video file]. Retrieved from
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WtVTmi1TCVI&NR=1&feature=endscreen

Microsoft Office. (2012). Search 1,000s of images. Retrieved from http://office.microsoft.com/en-

us/images/?CTT=6&ver=14&app=powerpnt.exe

National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). (2012). Bipolar disorder. Retrieved from http://www.nimh.nih.gov/statistics/pdf/NCS-
R_data-Bipolar_Disorder.pdf

National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI). (2011). Fight stigma. Retrieved from
http://www.nami.org/template.cfm?section=fight_stigma

Quotable Quotes. (2012). Retrieved from http://ask.metafilter.com/68066/Quotable-Quotes

Stovall, J. (2012). Bipolar disorder in adults: Epidemiology and diagnosis. Retrieved from http://uptodate.com

WebMD. (2012). Bipolar disorder and suicide. Retrieved from

http://www.nami.org/Template.cfm?Section=Depression&Template=/ContentManagement/ContentDisplay.cfm&ContentID=88858

World Health Organization (WHO). (2012). World report on disability, 2011. Retrieved from
http://www.who.int/disabilities/world_report/2011/report.pdf
BY
ASHA THANKARAJAN ARUNRAJ
GROUP-10