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Cycloconverters
Introduction
Cycloconverters directly convert ac
signals of one frequency (usually line
frequency) to ac signals of variable
frequency. These variable frequency ac
signals can then be used to directly
control the speed of ac motors.
Thyristor-based cycloconverters are
typically used in low speed, high power
(multi-MW) applications for driving
induction and wound field synchronous
motors.
Phase-Controlled Cycloconverters
The basic principle of cycloconversion is
illustrated by the single phase-to-single
phase converter shown below.
Phase-Controlled Cycloconverters
(cont’d)
A positive center-tap thyristor converter
is connected in anti-parallel with a
negative converter of the same type.
This allows current/voltage of either
polarity to be controlled in the load.
2
3i0
Q 3Vs sin P
'
2
i
1
/2
(1.17Vs cos 0t )( I m sin( 0t ))d 0t (1.17Vs cos 0t )( I m sin( 0t ))d 0t
/2
where = load power factor angle.
Performing the integration above yields:
2 P0 2Q0 1
Qi cos 2
sin 2
2
where P0, Q0 are the real and reactive output
power per phase, respectively.
Phase-Controlled Cycloconverters
(cont’d)
P0 and Q0 are given by:
P0 V0 I 0 cos and Q0 V0 I 0 sin
Since the real output power = real input
power, we can write:
2 1
Pi jQi Pi j Pi cos Q0 sin 2
2
2
The input DPF can be expressed as:
Pi
DPF = cosi =
Pi jQi
Phase-Controlled Cycloconverters
(cont’d)
1
DPF =
2 2 Q0 1
1 j cos sin 2
Pi 2
1
= 2 2 1
1 j cos tan sin 2
2
1
= 2
1 j (1 tan )