Information And Communication Technology

Application

CHAPTER 5 : INPUT
 WHAT IS INPUT
• Input is any data and instruction entered into the
memory of a computer
 WHAT IS INPUT
• Instructions that a computer or mobile device processes can be in
the form of software (programs and apps), commands, and user
response
Software is a series of related instructions
that tells what tasks to perform and how
to perform them

Programs respond to commands that a

user issues for example by touching the
screen,pressing keyboard keys or clicking
mouse

A user response is an instruction a user

issues by replying to a question
displayed by a program.
 INPUT DEVICES

• Types of input devices include:

keyboard Pointing devices

Touch screen Pen input

Motion input Voice input

 KEYBOARDS
• A keyboard is an input device that contains keys users press to
enter data and instructions into a computer or mobile device
 KEYBOARDS
• Most dekstop computer keyboards have.....
Typing
area

Toggle Function
key keys

Keyboard
Navigation
shortcut
keys
keys
 Keyboard
There are a variety of keyboard options for computers and mobile device
- A computer keyboard is an input device used to enter characters and functions
into the computer system by pressing buttons, or keys.

Clip-on tablet keyboard On-screen keyboard Built-in laptop keyboard

ERGONOMIC
KEYBOARD
• An ergonomic keyboard has
a design that reduces the
chance of repetitive strain
injuries of wrist and hand
• Ergonomics incorporates
comfort, efficiency, and
safety in the design of the
workplace
 Pointing devices

• A pointing device is an input • A pointer is a small symbol

device that allows a user to on the screen whose
control a pointer on the location and shape change
screen as a user moves a pointing
device
 Pointing devices
• A mouse is a pointing device that fits under the palm of your hand
comfortably
• Etc ; Optical mouse, laser mouse, and touch mouse

Touch Mouse
 Pointing devices

Touchpad Trackball

• A touchpad is a small, flat, • A trackball is a stationary pointing

rectangular pointing device that is device with a ball on its top or side
sensitive to pressure and motion
 TOUCH SCREEN
 A touch screen is a touch-sensitive display
 Make a user can touch to interact with the devices
 Example : information kiosks, smartphones, tablets
 TOUCH SCREEN

WHY INPUT ? HOW TO USE ?

• Tap
• Double-tap
• Any computer device that • Touch and hold
takes input from the person • Drag
operating the device is • Swipe
considered an input device • Pinch
 PEN INPUT
• With pen input, you touch a stylus or digital pen on a flat surface to write, draw, or
make selections
• Uses pressure to write text and draw line
• For example : computer screen, mobile device, graphics tablet
 PEN INPUT
• A graphic tablet, also called a digitizer
• Electronic plastic board that detects and converts movement
• Used them to hand-draw images, graphics or handwriting
• Use pointing device
• Use by digital artist
MOTION, VOICE AND VIDEO INPUT
• With motion input, sometimes called gesture recognition users can
guide on-screen elements using air gestures
• Supported by mobile device, computers and gaming devices
MOTION, VOICE, AND VIDEO INPUT
• Process of entering input by speaking into a microphone
• Voice recognition also called speech recognition, is the computer or
mobile device’s capability of distinguishing spoken words
• For example : google voice, digital assistant, car bluetooth
 Audio Input

• Allow a user to send audio signals to a computer for

processing, recording, or carrying out command such as
microphones
• It converts sound into an electrical signal
• Example : Telephone, Radio
 Video Input

• Any device that sends data from an outside source into a

processing system such as a computer or television
• A video input device is any device that sends video
• Example : Media Players
• Devices that play any sort of media
 Webcam

• Hardware camera connected to a computer

• It can be used during a video chat session involving two or
more people, with conversations that include live audio
and video
 Videoconference

• Meeting between two or more geographically separated

people
• Example : Skype
• Skype offers functionalities such as video chat, international
calls and instant messaging
 Scanner

• Capture images from photographic prints, posters, and

similar sources for computer editing and display
• Scanner usually come with software, such as Adobe’s
Photoshop product, that lets you resize and otherwise
modify a captured image
 HOW A FLATBED SCANNER WORKS?

Step 1
•Place the document to be scanned face down on the glass window.
•Then, using buttons on the scanner to start the scanning process.
Step 2
•The scanner converts document content digital information such as JPG and PNG.
•The scanner relays this information to a computer through a wireless or connecting
cable connection to save the digital file.
Step 3
•After the transfer, the image file of the document is accessible on the computer and
can be opened, saved and edited
 Optical reader
An optical reader is a device that uses a light source to read
characters, marks and codes then convert them into digital
data.
Optical character recognition (OCR) Optical mark recognition
(OMR)
Optical character recognition is the Optical mark recognition is the process of capturing human
marked data from document form such as surveys and test.
electronic conversion of images of typed,
handwritten or printed text into machine
encoded text.
For an example;Plate recognition For an example; Examination paper
 Scanner and reading devices
Bar code reader QR code
 Bar code reader also called a bar  A QR code stores information in
code scanner. both a vertical and horizontal
 A bar code reader uses laser direction
beams to read bar codes
 Magstripe readers
 Magnetic readers also called magnetic stripe readers
 Magstripe readers read the magnetic stripe on the back of card
such as:

Credit cards Entertainment cards

Bank cards Identification cards

RFID (Radio frequency identification)

 RFID (Radio frequency identification) uses

radio signals to communicate with a tag
placed in or attached to an object.
 An RFID reader reads information on the tag
via radio waves.
 RFID tags are used in many industries such
as used in shops to expedite checkout and to
prevent theft by customers and employees
  RFID can track:
Tracking location of Gauging temperature
Tracking times of Checking lift tickets
people and others and pressure of tires
runners in a marathon of skiers
items on a vehicle

Checking out library Providing access to

Managing inventory books rooms or buildings

Tracking payment as
Managing purchases vehicles pass through
booths on tollway
systems
 Scanners and Reading Devices

• MICR (magnetic ink character

recognition) devices read text
printed with magnetized ink
• An MICR reader converts MICR
characters into a form the
computer can process
• Banking industry uses MICR for
check processing
 MICR

MAGNETIC-INK CHARACTER RECOGNITION

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

Secure as printed characters Only certain character can read

which can't be altered, less expensive
errors, data can be read if
overwritten.
 Scanners and Reading Devices
• A data collection device
obtains data directly at
the location where the
transaction or event
takes place
 Biometric Input
• Biometrics authenticates a person’s identity by
verifying a personal characteristic.
• Biometric grant access to programs, computers or
rooms using computer analysis.
• Example, a fingerprint is kept into digital code and
later will be compared when user uses the
machine. If it does not match, the computer
denies access to the individual.
 Biometric Input
Face
Fingerprint
recognition
reader system

Hand Voice
geometry verification
system system

Signature Iris
verification recognition
system system