MDGs & SDGs

Millennium Summit 2000 & Pakistan

• In 2000, a Millennium summit convened by United Nation is a landmark in
the history of global organization

• Head of 189 states and government attended the summit and approved
Millennium development goals (MDGs)

• The MDGs has defined an agenda to reduce poverty and to improve the
health of poor.

• The developmental agenda of MDGs include:

• Quantitative Goals
• Time bound Targets
• Numerical Indicators
Millennium Summit 2000 & Pakistan
• Pakistan is a signatory to MDGs.
• Target for Pakistan are by 2015:
• To reduce IMR
• To reduce Under 5 mortality
• 90% immunization rate
• Reduce MMR
• Increase CPR (contraceptive prevalence rate) to 90%
• Increase Skilled birth attended
MDG’s Target for Pakistan
Current Position ( MDGs target
Indicators 1990 2000) up to 2015

Reduce Child Mortality

Under 5 mortality rate ( / 1000 live births) 140 105 47
Infant Mortality Rate (/ 1000 live births) 120 82 40
Proportion of fully immunized children (12 – 23 25 53 90
months) (%)
Improve Maternal Health
Maternal Mortality Ratio (/ 100,000 live birth) 550 350 140
Birth attended b Skilled birth attendant (%) n/a 24 90
Contraceptive prevalence 12 30 90
Official list of MDG Indicators
• Goal 1 : Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
• Goal 2 : Achieve universal primary education
• Goal 3 : Promote gender equality and women empowerment
• Goal 4 : Reduce child mortality
• Goal 5 : Improve Maternal health
• Goal 6: Combat HIV/ AIDS, malaria and other diseases
• Goal 7: Ensure Environmental sustainability
• Goal 8 : Develop a global partnership for development
Health Related MDGs
Goal 1 : Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger Status

Proportion of population below the calorie based food plus non- food Not achieved
poverty line.
Prevalence of underweight children under 5 years of age Not achieved

Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy Not achieved

consumption
Health Related MDGs
Goal 4 : Reduce child mortality Status

Under 5 Mortality Rate (Deaths per 1000 Live Births) Not achieved

Infant Mortality Rate (Deaths per 1000 Live Births) Not achieved

Proportion of Fully Immunized Children 12-23 Months Not achieved

Proportion of under 1 year children immunized against measles Not achieved

Proportion of Children Under 5 Who Suffered from Diarrhea in the Last

30 Days ( percent) Achieved

Lady Health Worker’s Coverage ( percent of target population) Not achieved

Health Related MDGs
Goal 5 : Improve Maternal health Status

Maternal Mortality Ratio Not achieved

Proportion of births attended by Skilled Birth Attendants Not achieved

Contraceptive Prevalence Rate Not achieved

Total Fertility Rate Not achieved

Proportion of women 15-49 who had given birth during last 3 years and Not achieved
made atleast one antenatal consultation
Health Related MDGs
Goal 6: Combat HIV/ AIDS, malaria and other diseases Status

HIV prevalence among 15-49 year old pregnant women Not achieved
HIV prevalence among vulnerable groups Not achieved

Proportion of population in malaria risk areas using effective prevention Not achieved
and treatment measures
Incidence of TB/10,000 Not achieved
TB cases detected and cured under DOTS Achieved
Issues affecting Health Delivery System

National Level
Issues Global & Regional
Level issues
 Management
deficiencies
Insufficient and
inequitable funding

Insufficient extra
sectoral facilities

Imbalance of Health
Manpower
Drug Pricing /
Quality control
policy
Unregulated private
practice; Quackery
National Level Issues

Non- existent Health

System Research

Increased trend in
drug abuse
 Re-emerging
Malaria and
Treatment

Hepatitis

HIV / AIDS

Preventable
childhood diseases

Malnutrition
Global and Regional Level Issues

Drug abuse
Reasons for the Failure of National
Health Policy
• Health does not get priority in overall decision making process

• Health expenditures hardly differ from previous budget and

factors like inflation etc are not considered

• Decision making take place in isolated manner without including

all stakeholders. i.e. legislatures and civil society etc
Consequences of the Failure of National
Health Policy
• Fragmented urban health care services
• Problems related to public expenditure
• Issues related to development projects like overlapping
• Gaps in planning and implementation,
• Vertical program
• Lack of regulation of private sectors
• Problem with planning process
• Poor community involvement
• Issue of access
• Dependency of provinces on federal government for funding
Recommendation for Improving the
Health Infrastructure
 Change the traditional perception of government towards the health
because no any development is possible without improving the nation’s
health
 Improved planning of human resources for health, including:
 Identification of shortage and surplus
 Delineation of necessary core skills and competencies
 Identification of health worker training needs and utilization of
appropriate training methodologies
 Analysis of subsequent absorption and retention in the public
and private sector
 Appropriate regulation
 Health system can not develop in isolation. There has
to be a long tem integrated approach with an
appropriate involvement of:
 Education
 Administration
 Local Government
 Rural development
 Community Development
 Agriculture
 Livestock
 Public Health Engineering
 Political sectors
 Increase the level of investment in health sector which at the outset
should not be less than 2 % of the GDP.

 The Health system has to be need- based having a primary health care
base and balanced with an equitable, not equal distribution between
curative and preventive approaches to health care

 Development of Human resource at all level of health care is inevitable

to be one of the top priority item on the agenda requiring serious
attention irrespective of political interests.

 Medical education system should be allowed to develop in a

decentralized manner. The development of local talent base should be
undertaken on top priority and encouraged
 SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT
 Introducing the SDGs
The Sustainable Development Goals

These slides are provided as a free public service by 17Goals, a multi-stakeholder partnership.
Images have been licensed from iStock/Getty or downloaded from Unsplash.com (an open source image bank)
 The SDGs are …
➤ A set of 17 goals for the world’s future, through 2030

➤ Backed up by a set of 169 detailed Targets

➤ Negotiated over a two-year period at the United Nations

➤ Agreed to by nearly all the world’s nations, on 25 Sept 2015

 What is new and different
about the 17 SDGs?
First, and most important, these Goals apply to every nation …
and every sector. Cities, businesses, schools, organizations, all
are challenged to act. This is called

Universality
Second, it is recognized that the Goals are all inter-connected, in
a system. We cannot aim to achieve just one Goal. We must
achieve them all. This is called

Integration
 And finally, it is widely recognized that achieving these Goals
involves making very big, fundamental changes in how we live on
Earth. This is called

Transformation
Let’s take a tour …
#1: End
poverty in all
its forms
everywhere
#2: End hunger, achieve food security and improved
nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture
#2: End hunger, achieve food security and improved
nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture

#3: Ensure
healthy lives
and promote
well-being for
all at all ages
 #4: Ensure
inclusive and
quality
education for all
and promote
lifelong learning
#5: Achieve
gender
equality and
empower
women and
girls
#6: Ensure access to
water and sanitation
for all
#7: Ensure access
to affordable,
reliable,
sustainable and
modern energy for
all
#8: Promote inclusive
and sustainable
economic growth,
employment and
decent work for all
#9: Build resilient
infrastructure,
promote
sustainable
industrialization
and foster
innovation
#10: Reduce
inequality within
and among
countries
#11: Make cities
inclusive, safe,
resilient and
sustainable
#12: Ensure
sustainable
consumption and
production patterns
#13: Take urgent
action to combat
climate change and
its impacts*
#14: Conserve and
sustainably use
the oceans, seas
and marine
resources
 #15: Sustainably manage
forests, combat desertification,
halt and reverse land
degradation,
halt biodiversity loss
#16: Promote just, peaceful
and inclusive
societies
#17: Revitalize
the global
partnership for
sustainable
development
Each goal
is
important
in itself …
Each goal And they
is are all
important connected
in itself …
 To find out more, go to

17Goals.org

And read the real documents for

yourself, at
https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/
topics

These slides are provided as a free public service by 17Goals, a multi-stakeholder partnership.
Images have been licensed from iStock/Getty or from Unsplash.com (an open source image bank)