Resource Speaker: DR. AIDA E.

ESPINOSA
Professor, Graduate School, Osias Colleges, Inc.
Media Consultant: Rafaelites Learning School, Inc.
Retired Elementary School Principal
 R
E
C
A
O
D
P
I
Y
N
G
CHECK CONTENT
1. Check facts.
2. Improve news value.
3. Write or check headlines
4. Expand or reduce copy.
5. Correct instances of editorializing.
6. Delete irrelevant or improper material
7. Guard against criticism on ethics and
good taste.
CHECK THE FORM
1. Make copy simple and clear.
2. Polish and improve the style of
writing.
3. Make copy conform to the paper’s
style book.
4. Correct errors in grammar, spelling,
punctuation, usage, organization.
CHECK FOR ACCURACY
1. Eliminate doubtful facts that cannot be
verified.
2. Check facts against each other to insure
consistency.
3. Confirm facts and verify names.
4. Check figures . See that the totals tally.
5. Check date and time.
COPY READING SYMBOLS
1. Punctuation marks
 How are they used  Watch “ Pilipinas Got Talent ”

 Emphasize quotes
 What they mean

 Watch “Pilipinas Got

 How type is set
Talent”
COPY READING SYMBOLS
1. Punctuation marks
 How are they used  Cong • Jose Tan Jr .

 What they mean

 Emphasize periods

 How type is set  Cong. Jose Tan Jr.

COPY READING SYMBOLS
1. Punctuation marks
 How are they used  He said , “ I like you.”

 What they mean

 Emphasize comma

 How type is set

 He said, “I like you.”
COPY READING SYMBOLS
1. Numbers and Abbreviations
 How are they used  In Sept

 What they mean  Spell out

 How type is set  In September

COPY READING SYMBOLS
1. Numbers and Abbreviations
 How are they used  Professor Lydia Sy

 What they mean  Abbreviate

 How type is set  Prof. Lydia Sy

COPY READING SYMBOLS
1. Numbers and Abbreviations
 How are they used  sixty girls

 What they mean  Use numeral

 How type is set  60 girls

COPY READING SYMBOLS
1. Numbers and Abbreviations
 How are they used  5 boy scouts

 What they mean  spell out

 How type is set  five boy scouts

COPY READING SYMBOLS
3. Special Forms of Type
How are they used  Sto. Cristo tarlac city

 What they mean  Capitalize

 How type is set

 STO. CRISTO, Tarlac
City
COPY READING SYMBOLS
4. Letter and Word Change
 How are they used  meet on Fridays

 What they mean  bridge over

 How type is set  meet Fridays

COPY READING SYMBOLS
4. Letter and Word Change
 How are they used  memo rize

 What they mean  close up space

 How type is set  memorize

COPY READING SYMBOLS
4. Letter and Word Change
 How are they used  Victor Santos Dean

 What they mean  Transpose words

 How type is set  Dean Victor Santos

COPY READING SYMBOLS
4. Letter and Word Change
 How are they used  concieve

 What they mean  transpose letter

 How type is set  conceive

COPY READING SYMBOLS
4. Letter and Word Change
m a
 How are they used  sum arize story

 What they mean  insert letter/word

 How type is set  summarize a story

COPY READING SYMBOLS
4. Letter and Word Change
 How are they used  C. P. RoMulo LiBrary

 What they mean  Lower case

 How type is set  C. P. Romulo Library

COPY READING SYMBOLS
4. Letter and Word Change
 How are they used  viewss estars

 What they mean  delete letters before or

after words

 How type is set  views stars

COPY READING SYMBOLS
4. Letter and Word Change
 How are they used  acknowledgement

 What they mean  Delete letter and close up

 How type is set  acknowledgment

COPY READING SYMBOLS
4. Letter and Word Change
 How are they used  Allright we have some time

 What they mean  Insert space

 How type is set  All right we have some time

COPY READING SYMBOLS
4. Letter and Word Change
 How are they used  distributed free gifts

 What they mean  delete words

 How type is set  distributed gifts

COPY READING SYMBOLS
4. Letter and Word Change
 stet
 How are they used  twelve members join

 What they mean  restore text; disregard

correction

 How type is set  twelve members join

COPY READING SYMBOLS
4. Letter and Word Change
 kill
 How are they used  The kind and generous mayor

 What they mean  Box words to be deleted and

write the word “kill”.

 How type is set  The mayor

COPY READING SYMBOLS

 How are they used  The DepEd Journal

 What they mean  Italicize

 How type is set  The DepEd Journal

COPY READING SYMBOLS
 How are they used  the gong

 What they mean  set in boldface

 How type is set

 the gong
COPY READING SYMBOLS
 How are they used  … no answer.
He knocked.

 What they mean  Run-in (connect word to form

a continuous line of type)

 How type is set  … no answer. He knocked.

COPY READING SYMBOLS
4. Others
 How are they used  Paco, Manila

 What they mean  Indent for paragraph

 How type is set  Paco, Manila

COPY READING SYMBOLS

 stet
 How are they used  Welfrido Kruz

 What they mean  Spell as written

 How type is set  Welfrido Kruz

COPY READING SYMBOLS

 How are they used  Elected prexy

 What they mean  Center subhead

 How type is set  Elected prexy

COPY READING SYMBOLS
4. Other symbols
 30 or #  story is finished

 more or /  story is unfinished

 Seminar (…2)  text continued on
the next page
 #1, #2, #3, #4, etc.  sequence of
paragraphs
1. To give the gist of the news story.
2. To present the news for rapid
survey reading.
3. To indicate the relative
importance.
4. To give pleasing appearance.
1. Possess a keen sense of news values.
2. Able to pick out significant
thoughts.
3. Experts with words.
4. Accurate in grammar.
5. Clever in expression.
1. Identify key words.
2. Substitute with synonyms.
3. Write headlines that are easy to
read.
4. Give the main idea at once.
5. Write nothing that is not in the
story.
6.Avoid repeating key words or ideas.
7. Don’t use names unless persons
are well-known.
8. Be specific and avoid generalities.
9. Don’t editorialize.
10. Avoid using a negative verb.
11. Use forceful, dynamic words.
12. Use present tense.
13. Use commonly accepted abbreviations
only.
14. Familiarize with punctuations.
15. Don’t use articles a, an, the, and weak
words like is, will, etc.
16. Use numbers only if important.
1. Streamer (banner flag) – Binder ,
if it is in the inside page.
2. Crossline – occupies the full
width of the story.
3. Umbrella (skyline)
SPECIFIC NAMES FOR HEADLINES
1. Banner/ 5. Stepline
Streamer 6. Kicker
2. Umbrella 7. Full line
3. Flush left 8. Jump heads
4. Crossline
1. Make your headline answer as many Ws as
possible.
2. The headline should summarize the news story. It
should contain nothing that is not found in the
story.
3. Positive heads are preferable to negative ones.
Weak: Flu epidemic not rampant in the city
Preferable: School physician allays flu fear
4. Put a verb expressed or implied in every deck.
5. Use the strongest word in the passive verb in
headlines.
Weak: Flood victims aided by Student Council
Better: Student council aids flood victims
But for variations, and especially when the doer is
unknown or not prominent , the passive verb may be
used.
6. Use present tense for past stories and the infinitive
form for future stories.
Example: Archbisop Sin bats for national
reconciliation
Ballroom dancing to cap barrio fiesta
7. Write numbers in figure or spell them out
depending upon your needs for your unit
counts.
8. Use kicker to attract attention and add
more information into your headline.
9. Reflect the tone of your story in your
headline.
10. Use brief language like “cut” for
decreases or “hike” for increase.
11. Assertions should have sources.
1. Thin head – a kind of headline in which the space between
the letters of words or the spaces after the words in a line
are so wide.
2. Fat head – a kind of headline in which the letters or words
are crowded that there are no more space between them.
3. Label head – an incomplete headline. It is just a mere label
like the label of a certain product.
Example: Christmas Party
Seminar Workshop
4. Wooden Head
Example: To Hold Excursion
Entrance Examination
5. Mandatory head – it gives a command
because it begins with a verb. Don’t begin a
headline with a verb. But in Filipino, its
preferable to begin headlines with verbs.
Ex: Ipinagdiwang, Linggo ng Wika
Ginanap, Seminar sa Makabagong
Filipino
6. Screaming head – it is a big and bold
headline of a short and unimportant story. A
sensational head is another kind of
screaming headline.
 Headline writing involves a mechanical
problem because the headline must fit the
available space. Although the headline writer may
have constructed an effective headline, this still
may have to be expanded or shrtened to suit the
space requirements. It will thus help the headline
writer to know the unit equivalent of letters in the
alphabet as well as of the punctuation marks.
1. f, I, l, t, j and , : ; ! (1/2 unit count each)
2. All lower case letters (except m and w)
and ?, space, “ “, numerals 0-9, and J,I,L,T,F
(1 unit count each)
3. m and w, and all other capital letters (1 ½ unit count)
4. M and W (2 units count each)
1. All capital letters (All caps)
TARLAC CITY JOURNALISTS GRAB NSPC AWARDS
2. Capital and lower case (Clc)
Tarlac City Journalists grab NSPC Awards
3. Down Style (ds)
Tarlac City journalists grab NSPC awards
The printer’s direction is written at the upper right hand corner
of the paper. It consists of the following:
1. Number of column of the headline
2. Font size
3. Font style
4. Style of writing
 Example:

2 - 24 - Bd - ds

Number of colums

Font size

Font style
Style of writing