Agency by ratification

A person does some acts on behalf of another person without his knowledge or authority
Another person subsequently accepts the acts Then: Agency by ratification
Section 196- where act are done by one person on behalf of another, but without his knowledge or authority, he may
elect to ratify or to disown such acts.

Conditions for valid ratification

The principal must be
Within a reasonable
competent to contract
time.
and in existence
The agent must act The principal must have
on behalf of the full knowledge of the
principal material facts.
Whole transaction Ratification must not
must be ratified injure a third party