STATISTICS AND

PROBABILITY
Finding the Areas Under the
Standard Normal Distribution
FLASHBACK & FLASH CARDS

Tell or explain what you have

learned about the given
word/words.
FLASHBACK & FLASH CARDS

It is a random variable that can assume values

that are infinite and uncountable
FLASHBACK & FLASH CARDS

It is a continuous probability distribution for a

random variable.
 FLASHBACK & FLASH CARDS

It is transforming any normal distribution with any

mean into 𝝁=𝟎, and any standard deviation into 𝝈=𝟏.
 FLASHBACK & FLASH CARDS

A table that tells the cumulative area of any values of

z-score.
FLASHBACK & FLASH CARDS

The graphical representation of the proportion or

percentage of the population. It also indicates
PROBABILITY.
FLASHBACK & FLASH CARDS

It tells how many standard deviation away an

observation X is from the mean 𝝁 and can be
obtained using the equation z  x - 

OBJECTIVES
1. To identify regions under the normal curve
corresponding to different standard normal
values. (M11/12SP-IIIc-3)
2. To convert a normal random variable to a
standard normal variable and vice versa.
(M11/12SP-IIIc-4)
FINDING THE AREAS UNDER THE
STANDARD NORMAL DISTRIBUTION
DO YOU STILL KNOW???
Get your Table of Z and locate the cumulative area
of the following z-scores.
I’m INTRIGUE!

What can you observe

from your mothers or
grandmothers when they
reached the old age?
I’m INTRIGUE!

What is Osteoporosis?
Why do you think older people are at
high risk of having osteoporosis?
I’m INTRIGUE!
Post-menopausal women are
known to be susceptible to severe
bone loss known as osteoporosis.
In some cases, bone loss can be
so extreme as to cause a woman
to lose a few inches of height.
I’m INTRIGUE!
BONE DENSITY TEST
A bone density test is the only test
that can diagnose osteoporosis
before a broken bone occurs.
This test helps to estimate the density of your bones and your
chance of breaking a bone.
The lower your bone density, the
greater your risk of breaking a bone.
I’m INTRIGUE! Our bone density test result follows a
standard normal distribution and
includes a Z-score that compares
your bone density to what is normal in
someone your age and body size.
According to the World Health
Organization's (WHO) diagnostic
categories, individuals whose Z-score
is within 1 SD of the norm are
considered to have normal bone
density.
I’m INTRIGUE!
Scores below the norm are indicated
in negative numbers. For most bone
mineral density tests, -1 SD equals a
10%-12% decrease in bone density.

The risk for broken bones increases

by 50%-100% for every SD below the
young-normal standard.
FINDING THE AREAS UNDER THE
STANDARD NORMAL DISTRIBUTION
AREA is simply the graphical Standard Normal
representation of the proportion, Distribution
percentage of the population.
It also indicates probability. 1

Hence, the total area of the

0 z
normal curve is 1 or 100%.
ACTIVITY: Do It TOGETHER
1. Let’s have 4 groups.
2. Illustrate the area using a normal curve.
3. Use the Table of Z and analyze the problem to
compute for the area assigned to the group.
4. Present the illustration and explanation to
the class afterwards.
ACTIVITY: Do It TOGETHER
Using the situation presented earlier, the
mean μ and standard deviation σ of the
density of the bones in the spine are known
for a healthy population.
The mean for bone density μ=0 and the
standard deviation σ=1.
 ACTIVITY: Do It TOGETHER
The mean μ and standard deviation σ of the density of the
bones in the spine are known for a healthy population. The
mean for bone density μ=0 and the standard deviation σ=1.
1. What proportion of the area corresponds to a woman’s bone density more than 1.75?
2. What proportion of the area corresponds to a woman’s bone density between 1.45 and
2.15?
3. What proportion of the area corresponds to a woman’s bone density between -0.50
and 1.50?
4. What proportion of the area corresponds to a woman’s bone density greater than
-1.24?
ACTIVITY: Do It TOGETHER
Look closely at the illustration of
each group.
What observations can you see?
 ACTIVITY: Do It TOGETHER
For Group 1, how did you find for the area at the
• right of a positive z-score or z >1.75?
•left of a negative z-score or z < -1.75?
What operation is involved?
What conclusion can you have in identifying the area of
the regions at the right of positive z-score and left of a
negative z-score?
ACTIVITY: Do It TOGETHER
For Group 2, how did you find the area between
• 2 positive z-scores or 1.45 < z < 2.15?
•2 negative z-scores or -2.15 < z < -1.45?
What operation is involved?
• What conclusion can you have in identifying the
area of the regions between 2 positive z-scores and
between 2 negative z-scores?
 ACTIVITY: Do It TOGETHER
For Group 3, how did you find for the area between
opposite z-scores -0.50 and +1.50?
What operation is involved?
What conclusion can you have in identifying the
area of the regions between z-scores with
opposite signs?
 ACTIVITY: Do It TOGETHER
For Group 4, how did you find the area at the
•right of a negative z-score or z > -1.24?
•left of a positive z-score or z < 1.24?
What operation is involved?
What conclusion can you have in identifying the area of
the regions at the right of negative z-score and left of a
positive z-score?
ACTIVITY: Do It TOGETHER
Based from your answers,
What general idea can you develop on
identifying the area under the standard
normal distribution?
FINDING THE AREAS UNDER THE STANDARD NORMAL DISTRIBUTION
FINDING THE AREAS UNDER THE STANDARD NORMAL DISTRIBUTION
FINDING THE AREAS UNDER THE STANDARD NORMAL DISTRIBUTION

Find the cumulative area of the corresponding

z-score and subtract it to 0.5000
Since the distribution is symmetrical and
half of the area is 0.5000 of 50%
FINDING THE AREAS UNDER THE STANDARD NORMAL DISTRIBUTION

Find the cumulative area of the two z-scores

with the same sign and subtract the areas.
The difference will be the resulting area
between the two z-scores.
FINDING THE AREAS UNDER THE STANDARD NORMAL DISTRIBUTION

Find the cumulative area of the two z-scores

with opposite signs and add the areas.
The sum will be the resulting area between
the two z-scores.
FINDING THE AREAS UNDER THE STANDARD NORMAL DISTRIBUTION

Find the cumulative area of the corresponding

z-score and add 0.5000.
Since the distribution is symmetrical and
half of the area is 0.5000 of 50%
ACTIVITY: Do It In PAIRS
1. Work with your
Show your solution.
seatmate.
1. A (z > 2.12)
2. Illustrate the area using
a normal curve and using 2. A (-0.46 < z < 2.64)
the Table of Z, identify 3. A ( z < 1.39)
the area of the indicated 4. A ( 1.23 < z < 2.05)
regions in the normal 5. A ( z > -0.98)
distribution.
ACTIVITY: Do It On Your OWN
1. Five hundred children participated in a field
demonstration. Their heights are normally distributed
with a mean of 110 cm and a standard deviation of 4
cm. Illustrate and answer the following questions.
a) What proportion of the area corresponds to
height more than 116 cm?
b) What proportion of the area corresponds to a
height between 100 cm and 115 cm?
SUM IT UP!
How do you find the areas under the standard
normal distribution
•At the right of a positive z-score
•Between two same sign z-scores
•Between two opposite z-scores
•At the left of a positive z-score
Do you have
any
questions?
Thank you!

The END!