Trematodes

Generalidades
• Platelmintos no segmentados
• Acelomados, parénquima
• Tubo digestivo incompleto
• Tegumento
• Sin aparato respiratorio ni
circulatorio
• Sistema excretor protonefridial
• Hermafroditas excepto Schistosoma
• Fertilización cruzada
 Monogenea

• Ectoparasitos: piel y escamas de

peces, anfibios, reptiles y cetáceos.
• Opistaptor: órgano de adhesión con
o sin ganchos
• Adultos, huevos y larva
• Hermafroditas
• Algunas especies vivíparas
Esquema corporal de un
Monogenea
 Digenea
• Parásitos
• Todos los grupos de vertebrados
• Ventosa oral y ventral
• Heteroxenos
• Ciclos complejos con varias generaciones
larvarias que parasitan caracoles
• Adultos hermafroditas
• Parásitos de alto impacto sanitario
(Schistosoma) y económico (Fasciola)
 Plan de organización corporal de
digenea

Some common types of adult digenean worms, which are differential according to the appearance
of their (e.g. suckers). The location of sexual organs is only approximate. HK, hooks at collar; IN,
intestine; M, mouth; OS, oral sucker; OV, ovary; PH, pharynx; TE, testes; TR, tribocytic organ;
VS, ventral sucker
Digenea: Ciclos biologícos
 Adultos de clase Digenea

EX, excretory bladder; GP, genital

pore; GÖ, genital bulbus; HK, hooks,
spines of IN, intestine; INC, intestine
(cut off on drawing); LC, ; OS, oral
sucker; OV, ovary (); RS, TE, UT,
uterus with eggs; VE, vas efferens of
TE; VI, vitellary glands VS, ventral
sucker ()
 Adultos de clase Digenea:
localización intestinal

BE, bulbus of esophagus; BU, bulbus

(apical); EX, excretory bladder; GP,
genital pore; HK, hooks, spines of
tegument; IN, intestine; LC, OS, oral
sucker; OV, ovary RS, receptaculum
seminis; UT, uterus with eggs; VI,
vitellary glands (); VS, ventral sucker
(); VSE, vesicula seminalis
Digenea: cercarias
Tegumento
 Desarrollo del tegumento en digenea

Diagrammatic representation of the development of the syncytial in digeneans (). A which is covered by ciliary plates and
formed by the subtegumental layer. B Mother after detachment of ciliary plates. C Daughter sporocysts are covered by a
syncytial tegument which is connected by bridges with the subtegumental layer. D the subtegumental layer becomes
reduced, and later parenchymal cells will contact the syncytial tegument. CI, cilia; CM, circular muscles; CP, ciliary plate;
F, foldings; FI, fibrous layer; G, germinal cells; LM, longitudinal muscles; N, nucleus; P, protruding subtegument; PA,
parenchymal cell; RI, ridge; RS, remnants of the subtegument; ST, subtegumental layer; TG, tegument; TH, tegumental thorn
(hook)
Célula flamígera
Gastrodermis
Fasciola hepatica- Ciclo
Fasciola hepatica
Superficie tegumentaria de
Fasciola hepatica
Fasciola hepatica
Fasciola hepatica- miracidio
Huéspedes intermediarios de
Fasciola hepatica en USA

. Pseudosuccinea columella
(susceptible)
B. Fossaria obrussa (refractario)
C. Fossaria bulimoides
(susceptible)
D. Fossaria dalli (refractario)
E. Fossaria parva (refractario)
Lymnaea viatrix
 Fasciola hepatica- huevo

No embrionado Embrionado Miracidio emergiendo

Fasciola hepatica: esporocisto
Fasciola hepatica: redias
Fasciola hepatica: cercaria
Fasciola hepatica: metacercaria
 Fasciola hepatica: juvenil
recientemente desenquistado
Schistosoma mansoni- Ciclo
biológico
Schistosoma mansoni- adultos
 Schistosoma - huevos

S. mansoni S. haematobium
Huevos de Schistosoma mansoni
en el intestino
Schistosoma mansoni- miracidio
Huésped intermediario

Biomphalaria glabrata
Schistosoma mansoni- Cercaria
Schistosomula
Schistosomulas de S. mansoni en
estadío pulmonar
First geno
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Granuloma hepático