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Parts & Wholes

Some analogies compare PART of something to its WHOLE (or they might compare
something WHOLE to its PART). Here's an example of a PART to WHOLE analogy:

LEG:CHAIR::SHADE: LAMP

You would read this analogy "leg is to chair as shade is to lamp". In your mind, you
should be thinking "a leg is a part of a chair, just like a shade is part of a lamp." This
same analogy could have been set up as a WHOLE to PART analogy:

CHAIR:LEG::LAMP: SHADE

If that's all making sense to you, then try your hand at the analogies below. The
answers are at the bottom. Try not to peek!
5. book : chapter : : tractor 9. foot : toe : : face :
1. car : tire : : tree : _____
: _____ _____
a. rubber
a. plowed a. finger
b. limb
b. read b. toenail
c. wheel
c. track c. nose
d. grow
d. motor d. arm

2. roof : house : : wall :

6. bicycle : pedal : : 10. petal : flower : : eye :
_____
fireplace : _____ _____
a. room
a. burn a. cry
b. straight
b. mantel b. see
c. square
c. ride c. blink
d. cracked
d. warm d. potato

3. day : hour : : week :

7. month : week : : year : 11. pride : lion : : band :
_____
_____ _____
a. minute
a. time a. musician
b. second
b. month b. music
c. month
c. decade c. rubber
d. day
d. century d. brave

4. cactus : spines : : pig :

8. hide : cow : : wrapper : 12. egg : shell : : onion :
_____
_____ _____
a. piglet
a. gum a. tears
b. sow
b. unwrap b. herb
c. bacon
c. fresh c. scallion
d. bristles
d. paper d. skin
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ANSWERS
1. (b) limb 5. (d) motor 9. (c) nose
2. (a) room 6. (b) mantel 10. (d) potato
3. (d) day 7. (b) month 11. (a) musician
4. (d) bristles 8. (a) gum 12. (d) skin

Different Degrees
Some analogies compare similar things of DIFFERENT DEGREES. For example, if
you're feeling just a little cold you might say you feel "cool", but if you've been hanging
out in Iceland in the winter time, you might say you're "freezing". Here's an analogy
highlighting DIFFERENT DEGREES of similar things might look like:

COOL : FREEZING:: WARM:BURNING

You would read this analogy "cool is to freezing as warm is to burning". In your mind,
you should be thinking "cool is a much milder version of cold than freezing. Likewise,
warm is a much milder version of hot than burning."

Does that make sense? Then try the twelve practice analogies below. The answers
are at the bottom so you can check your work in the end.
1. hill : mountain : : brook 5. ditch : ravine : : crack : 9. pale : livid : : firm :
: _____ _____ _____
a. cave a. cricket a. soft
b. river b. crevice b. white
c. ocean c. break c. dull
d. mound d. cracker d. rigid

2. grove : forest : : pond : 6. fear : phobia : : upset : 10. giggle : laugh : : cry :
_____ _____ _____
a. tree a. hysterical a. sob
b. water b. happiest b. sniffle
c. lake c. calm c. tear
d. tadpole d. lazy d. frown

3. parched : dry : : starved 7. mist : fog : : drizzle : 11. tired : exhausted : : big
: _____ _____ : _____
a. desert a. weather a. tiny
b. dinner b. cloud b. enormous
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c. hungry c. storm c. large

d. sandwich d. steam d. size

4. chubby : obese : 8. irate : angry : : 12. inferno : fire : :

: trickle : _____ earthquake : _____ tsunami : _____
a. laugh a. mad a. ocean
b. seep b. shake b. burning
c. water c. disaster c. wave
d. pour d. tremor d. deadly

answers
1. (b) river 5. (b) crevice 9. (d) rigid
2. (c) lake 6. (a) hysterical 10. (a) sob
3. (c) hungry 7. (c) storm 11. (b) enormous
4. (d) pour 8. (d) tremor 12. (c) wave

SPECIFIC : GENERAL
Some analogies compare the GENERAL version of something to a SPECIFIC example
of that thing. Here's an example of a GENERAL to SPECIFIC analogy:

INSECT: MOSQUITO :: CITY: NEW YOR

K

You would read this analogy "insect is to mosquito as city is to New York". In your
mind, you should be thinking "There are lots of insects. A mosquito is a specific type of
insect. There are also lots of cities. New York is a specific example of a city." There
are also SPECIFIC to GENERAL analogies:

GREEN:COLOR::FORK: UTENSIL

This analogy should be read "green is to color as fork is to utensil". In you mind, you
should be thinking, "Green is a specific example of a color, just like a fork is a specific
example of a utensil."

When you're ready, take a shot at the analogies below. The answers are at the bottom
of the page. Solve all the analogies first, then check your answers.
1. pie : dessert : : maple : 5. state : Nevada : : 9. waltz : dance : : fox :
______ evergreen : _____ ______
a. tree a. pine a. trot
b. eat b. needles b. fur
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c. sweet c. Christmas c. animal

d. cut d. cougar d. trap

2. duck : mallard : : flower 6. fish : trout : : insect : 10. Honda : car : : Japan :
: _____ _____ _____
a. smell a. fox a. Toyota
b. bright b. buzz b. Tokyo
c. sing c. katydid c. city
d. poppy d. crawl d. country

3. fairy tale : Cinderella : 7. Elmo : Muppet : 11. ocean : Pacific : :

: fruit : _____ :baseball : _____ metal : _____
a. story a. glove a. zinc
b. apple b. bat b. oxygen
c. vegetable c. Yankees c. Atlantic
d. red d. sport d. shiny

4. canine : wolf : : feline : 8. skirt : clothing : : chair : 12. home : cottage : : bird
_____ _____ : ______
a. dog a. blouse a. nest
b. purr b. furniture b. flamingo
c. tiger c. sofa c. fly
d. whiskers d. cushion d. wings

Answers
1. (a) tree 5. (a) pine 9. (c) animal
2. (d) poppy 6. (c) katydid 10. (d) country
3. (b) apple 7. (d) sport 11. (a) zinc
4. (c) tiger 8. (b) furniture 12. (b) flamingo

TRAITS
Analogies often make use of things and their TRAITS or characteristics. The analogy
creator will name an object, such as a knife, and then pair it with a word that describes
it, such as sharp. Here's an example of an analogy using objects and their TRAITS or
characteristics:

KNIFE : SHARP : : ORANGE : ROUND

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To read this analogy, you would say "knife is to sharp as orange is to round". You
should think, "A knife is sharp. Sharp tells what a knife is like. An orange is
round. Round describes an orange."

Sometimes analogy creators will flip the order and have the trait come first, followed by
the object. Here's a look at what that would be like:

LIGHT : FEATHER : : HEAVY : ELEPHAN

T

You would read this as "light is to feather as heavy is to elephant". What you should be
thinking is, "Light describes a feather, heavy describes an elephant."

If you feel ready to give these a try, there are twelve analogies below that make use of
objects and their TRAITS or characteristics. Have fun! The answers are at the bottom
of the page, so you can easily check your work!
1. ant : tiny : : rabbit : 5. star : shiny : : 9. fire : hot : : candy :
_____ skyscraper : _____ _____
a. foot a. tall a. lick
b. carrots b. building b. mouth
c. soft c. concrete c. sweet
d. scratch d. city d. cold

2. sharp : sword : : smooth 6. ice : cold : : pickle : 10. swift : deer : : slow :
: _____ _____ _____
a. cut a. eat a. turtle
b. rough b. barrel b. sluggish
c. clear c. sour c. fast
d. glass d. hamburger d. crawl

3. ball : round : : door : 7. apple : red : : flower : 11. sun : bright : : water :
_____ _____ _____
a. house a. fragrant a. glass
b. lock b. garden b. ocean
c. knob c. daffodil c. wave
d. squeaky d. bee d. wet

4. banana : yellow : : child 8. big : elephant : : small : 12. scary : monster : : soft
: _____ _____ : _____
a. young a. tiny a. hard
b. school b. mouse b. pillow
c. kid c. giraffe c. table
d. adult d. huge d. gentle
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answers
1. (c) soft 5. (a) tall 9. (c) sweet
2. (d) glass 6. (c) sour 10. (a) turtle
3. (d) squeaky 7. (a) fragrant 11. (d) wet
4. (a) young 8. (b) mouse 12. (b) pillow

FUNCTIONS & JOBS

Another sort of relationship found in analogies makes use of things and
their FUNCTIONS or things they do. The analogy creator will name an object, such as
a knife, followed by something the object does, such as slice. Or they might name a
thing, such as a duck, followed by something a duck does, such as quack. Here's a
typical example of an analogy using objects and their FUNCTIONS or things they do:

KNIFE : SLICE : : BALL : BOUNCE

To read this analogy, you would say "knife is to slice as ball is to bounce". You should
think, "A knife slices and a ball bounces."

Sometimes analogy creators will focus on people and their JOBS. A kind of job will be
paired with something that tells you about the job or something used in the job. For
example, an ornithologist studies birds and an entomologist studies insects, so you
might see an analogy that looks like this:

ORNITHOLOGIST : BIRDS : : ENTOMO

LOGIST : INSECTS

If you feel ready to give these a try, there are twelve analogies below that make use of
FUNCTIONS and JOBS. Have fun! The answers are at the bottom of the page, so you
can easily check your work!
1. chef : recipe : : cashier : 5. hammer : pound : 9. fireman : hose : :
______ : wrench : _____ chemist : _____
a. key a. pinch a. laboratory
b. cash register b. tool b. flames
c. store c. bolt c. test tube
d. cook d. turn d. scientist

2. key : lock : : spoon : 6. car : drive : : scissors : 10. doctor : heal : :

_____ _____ mechanic : _____
a. door a. ribbon a. nurse
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b. cook b. cut b. wrench

c. fork c. tape c. car
d. stir d. auto d. fix

3. ruler : measure : : 7. author : write : : 11. scissors : barber : : net

calculator : _____ detective : _____ : _____
a. numbers a. investigate a. catch
b. math b. magnifying glass b. fisherman
c. problem c. typewriter c. string
d. multiply d. police officer d. butterfly

4. cook : stove : : cut : 8. razor : shave : : pen : 12. baker : bread : :

_____ _____ sculptor : _____
a. paper a. ink a. statue
b. finger b. pencil b. clay
c. bandage c. write c. carve
d. knife d. story d. oven

answers
1. (b) cash register 5. (d) turn 9. (c) test tube
2. (d) stir 6. (b) cut 10. (d) fix
3. (d) multiply 7. (a) investigate 11. (b) fisherman
4. (d) knife 8. (c) write 12. (a) statue

Synonyms & Antonyms

One way analogies are set up is using synonyms (words that mean the same thing) and
antonyms (words that are opposites). An analogy using SYNONYMS might look like
this:

TWELVE : DOZEN : : THREE : TRIO

Twelve means the same as a dozen, just like three means the same as a trio. Some
analogies use antonyms. An analogy using ANTONYMS might look like this:

HOT : COLD : : DAY : NIGHT

Hot is the opposite of cold, just as day is the opposite of night. Make sense? Then
you're ready to try the analogies below. Answers are at the bottom of the page. Try to
answer all the questions first, and then check your answers!
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5. empty : full : :
1. catch : capture : : docile : 9. first : last : : most :
awkward : _____
_____ _____
a. graceful
a. mean a. least
b. clumsy
b. wild b. more
c. helpful
c. obedient c. biggest
d. hollow
d. ugly d. late

6. main : primary : :
2. system : method : : faith : 10. polite : courteous : :
labor : _____
_____ style : _____
a. play
a. trust a. nice
b. first
b. mistrust b. pretty
c. hard
c. manner c. ugly
d. work
d. courtesy d. fashion

7. delay : stall : : allow :

3. sympathy : pity : : 11. narrow : thin : :
_____
awkward : _____ boulder : _____
a. restrict
a. mourn a. big
b. strict
b. die b. hard
c. late
c. clumsy c. shoulder
d. permit
d. puppy d. rock

8. prey : quarry : : strike

4. yell : whisper : : tame 12. cheap : expensive : :
: _____
: _____ high : _____
a. animal
a. docile a. tall
b. hunt
b. wild b. building
c. hit
c. animal c. costly
d. stripe
d. scream d. low

ANSWERS
1. (c) obedient 5. (a) graceful 9. (a) least
2. (a) trust 6. (d) work 10. (d) fashion
3. (c) clumsy 7. (d) permit 11. (d) rock
4. (b) wild 8. (c) hit 12. (d) low

PARTNERS
Some things just go together. Like salt and pepper, bread and butter, or a knife and
fork. They're PARTNERS. That's the basis of another sort of analogy. Here's an
example:
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SALT:PEPPER::BREAD: BUTTER

You would read this analogy "salt is to pepper as bread is to butter". In your mind, you
should be thinking "salt and pepper are partners, just like bread and butter." Some
times, the creators of analogies get tricky, and they split the pairs up, like this:

SALT:BREAD::PEPPER:BUTTER

You have to figure out that the partners have been separatated when this happens!

This page is filled with partner analogies. Go ahead! Give them a try! The answers are
at the bottom, so you can check your work when you finish.
1. pencil : eraser : : ice 5. salt : cup : : pepper : 9. crackers : lock : :
cream : _____ _____ cheese : _____
a. mistake a. table a. door
b. cone b. spice b. soup
c. dessert c. saucer c. sandwich
d. sharp d. spoon d. key

2. fish : chip : : shoe : 6. peanut butter : jelly : : 10. cookies : milk : :

_____ Romeo : ____ quiver : _____
a. sole a. hero a. tremble
b. string b. Juliet b. arrow
c. heel c. balcony c. archer
d. sock d. Shakespeare d. bow

3. bride : groom : : pen : 7. Batman : Robin : : 11. needle : burger : :

_____ Mom : _____ thread : _____
a. pin a. bird a. sharp
b. ink b. superhero b. spool
c. pan c. Grandma c. fries
d. stone d. Dad d. sew

4. bagel : lox : : horse : 8. macaroni : cheese : : 12. Adam : Eve : : Bert :

_____ chips : _____ _____
a. lion a. salsa a. muppets
b. carriage b. basket b. Eden
c. cream cheese c. pasta c. Ernie
d. butterfly d. corn d. orange

ANSWERS
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1. (b) cone 5. (c) saucer 9. (d) key

2. (d) sock 6. (b) Juliet 10. (b) arrow
3. (b) ink 7. (d) Dad 11. (c) fries
4. (b) carriage 8. (a) salsa 12. (c) Ernie