REGIONALISM in INDIA

History of Architecture-VI

Presented by:- Presented TO:-

BHUVAN AR. ANAND

GUNNEET SINGH
WHAT IS REGIONALISM?

In politics, regionalism is a political ideology focusing on the "development of a political

or social system based on one or more" regions and/or the national, normative or
economic interests of a specific region, group of regions or another subnational entity,
gaining strength from or aiming to strengthen the "consciousness of and loyalty to a
distinct region with a homogeneous population", similarly to nationalism. More
specifically, "regionalism refers to three distinct elements: movements demanding
territorial autonomy within unitary states; the organization of the central state on a
regional basis for the delivery of its policies including regional development policies;
political decentralization and regional autonomy".
BERNARD RUDOFSKY
ARCHITECTURE WITHOUT ARCHITECTS

• 1964
– Exhibition at MoMA (NY)

– Revival/ curiosity of vernacular

–Appreciation for understanding
the vernacular

Hyderabad, Pakistan
 HASSAN FATHY
VERNACULAR PRACTICE
Craterre International Centre On Earthen Architecture (1984)

Development Workshop (1973)

ADAUA Association pour le Développement d'une Architecture et d'un

Urbanisme Africains (1975)
 REGIONALISM –
TOURISM & CULTURE

• Modern Comfort

• Traitional Craft

Modernism/Internationalism Vs Regionalism

“The polarity between internationalism which demands a global

relevance for its existence and regionalism which seeks meaning and
content under specific local conditions”
 SYMBOLIC CLEANSING OF COLONIAL IDENTITY

Renaming Roads
Removal of Statues

Napoleon V to MKG
 SYMBOLIC CLEANSING OF COLONIAL IDENTITY

Renaming Roads
Removal of Statues

King George V
 HOW REGIONALISM IN INDIA ?
• Post-Independence India
– Nehruvian vision of a modern India

• Modernism in India
– Le Corbusier, Otto Königsberger etc.
 REGIONALISM – IN INDIA
• Mahatma Gandhi
– Romance of the village
– “India lives in its villages”

• Revival of literature
– Sanskrit and the Vedas

• Nehruvian Nation building

– Glory to the past to revive the spirit
 REGIONALISM – IN INDIA –
Neo Traditionalism
• Study of Desert Cities
– Jaisalmer

• Study of Spatial Qualities of Vernacular Buildings

– Fatehpur Sikri

• Revival of Shilpaic Tradition

– Craftsman’s active participation with architect
 REGIONALISM IN INDIA – LAURIE BAKER
• Understanding the local building techniques and reinventing
them
REGIONALISM IN INDIA – LAURIE BAKER

• Use of refined brick masonry

• On-site Laying of buildings
• Extensive mason interaction
• Low Cost
• Innovation
– Filler Slab
– Rat Trap Bond

Image Source: AUTHOR

“ Proposition of a Gandhian life-style”
REGIONALISM – IN INDIA

Concrete & Abstract*

REGIONALISM IN INDIA – RAJ REWAL CONCRETE

Morphology

Jaisalmer 1982 Asian Games Village

 REGIONALISM IN INDIA – RAJ REWAL
CONCRETE

Terraces

Jaisalmer 1982 Asian Games Village

 RAJ
REGIONALISM IN INDIA –
CONCRETE
REWAL
Street

Jaisalmer 1982 Asian Games Village

 REGIONALISM IN INDIA – CHARLES CORREA

CONCRETE

Cluster

Artist Village, Belapur, Navi Mumbai (1983)

 REGIONALISM IN INDIA – CHARLES CORREA

CONCRETE

Cluster

Artist Village, Belapur, Navi Mumbai (1983)

 REGIONALISM IN INDIA – CHARLES CORREA

CONCRETE

Cluster

Artist Village, Belapur, Navi Mumbai (1983)

 REGIONALISM IN INDIA – CHARLES CORREA

ABSTRACT

Space

British Council, New Delhi (1987)

 BUILDING A NEW INDIA

• 5 Year plans (Soviet Union’s centralized planning system)

– 1st – Agricultural Infrastructure
– 2nd – Industrial Development

• Modernizing India
– Technical & Higher Education

“We were all impregnated with opportunities that lay ahead,

and with the idea that not only could you shape that form of
the physical environment, but also influence social life”
~ Joseph Stein
BUILDING A NEW INDIA

• Post-Partition Migration
– Housing and Infrastructural needs

• Decentralized Industries
– Industrial Towns

• Higher Education Policies

– New Campuses

• Extended Bureaucracy
– New Government offices
– Institutional Interventions
 THE GANDHI NEHRU DEBATE

Urban Vs Rural

The village as City as the epitome of

SELF-GOVERNING modernizing India
NON-VIOLENT
CASTE-LESS

Essentially a self sustaining

entity
BIBLIOGRAPHY

• WWW.SLIDESHARE.COM
• GOOGLE
• en.wikipedia.org