Introduction to

First Aid & Shock

 First Aid
An immediate help provided
to a sick or injured person
until professional medical
help arrives or becomes
available.

Introduction to First Aid & Shock

 Intended Learning
Outcomes:
Intended Learning Objectives:
1. Explain the objectives of First Aid
2. Identify the Responsibilities of First
Aider
3. Discuss the First Aid Management for
Shock

Introduction to First Aid & Shock

Objectives of First Aid
1. Preserve life.
2. Prevent further harm and
complications.
3. Seek immediate medical help.
4. Provide reassurance.

Introduction to First Aid & Shock

 Legal Concerns
1. Consent
2. Duty to Act
3. Standard of Care
4. Negligence
5. Abandonment
6. Confidentiality

Introduction to First Aid & Shock

 First Aider’s Responsibilities

1. Ensures safety of himself and that of

bystanders.
2. Gain access to the victim.
3. Determine any threat to victim’s
life.
4. Provide the needed care of the
victim.

Introduction to First Aid & Shock

 First Aider’s Responsibilities

5. Fills the gap between the victim

and the physician.
6. Summon advanced medical care
as needed.
7. Record all findings and care given
to the victim.
8. Assist advanced personnel.

Introduction to First Aid & Shock

 Characteristics of a
Good First Aider
 Gentle
 Resourceful
 Observant
 Tactful
 Empathetic
 Respectful

Introduction to First Aid & Shock

Hindrances in Giving First Aid

1. Unfavorable surroundings
2. The presence of crowds
3. Pressure from victim or
relatives

Introduction to First Aid & Shock

 Disease Transmission
Infectious diseases are those that can
spread from one person to another
through the following ways:
 Direct Contact
 Bites/Vector
 Indirect Contact
 Airborne Transmission

Introduction to First Aid & Shock

 Prevention and Protection
Body Substance Isolation (BSI) -
are precautions taken to isolate or
prevent risk of exposure from any
type of body substance.
Basic Precautions & Practices
1. Personal Hygiene
2. Protective Equipment
3. Equipment Cleaning and Disinfecting

Introduction to First Aid & Shock

First Aid
Equipment and Supplies

Introduction to First Aid & Shock

 First Aid Basic Equipment
 Spine Board
 Short / Kendrick’s Extrication
Device
 Sets of Splints
 Poles
 Blankets

Introduction to First Aid & Shock

Spine Board

Introduction to First Aid & Shock

Kendrick’s Extrication
Device

Introduction to First Aid & Shock

Sets of Splints

Introduction to First Aid & Shock

 Basic First Aid Kit
Contents
Rubbing alcohol Triangular Bandage
Gloves Tongue depressor
Povidone iodine Elastic roller bandage
Scissors Penlight
Cotton Occlusive dressing
Forceps Band aid
Gauze pads Plaster

Introduction to First Aid & Shock

Povidone Iodine

Introduction to First Aid & Shock

Occlusive Dressing

Introduction to First Aid & Shock

Penlight

Introduction to First Aid & Shock

Tongue Depressor

Introduction to First Aid & Shock

Triangular Bandage

Introduction to First Aid & Shock

Elastic Roller Bandage

Introduction to First Aid & Shock

Plaster

Introduction to First Aid & Shock

 Cloth Materials
Commonly Used in First Aid
1. Dressing - any sterile cloth
material used to cover the
wound.
2. Bandage - any cloth material
sterile or not, used to hold the
dressing in place.

Introduction to First Aid & Shock

S
H
O
C
K
Introduction to First Aid & Shock
SHOCK
A condition in which the circulatory
system fails to deliver enough oxygen
– rich blood to the body tissues and
vital organs.

Introduction to First Aid & Shock

Dangers of Shock
Lead to death
Predisposes body infection
Lead to loss of body parts

Introduction to First Aid & Shock

 Causes of Shock

1. Severe 6. Shell bomb and bullet

bleeding wound
2. Crushing injury 7. Rupture of tubal
3. Infection pregnancies
4. Heart attack 8. Anaphylaxis
5. Perforation 9. Starvation and disease

Introduction to First Aid & Shock

 Anaphylaxis

Angioedema of the face such that the boy is

unable to open his eyes. This reaction was
caused by an allergen exposure.
Introduction to First Aid & Shock
 Signs and Symptoms of Shock
1. Face-pale 4. Pulse-rapid and
weak
2. Skin-cold and
clammy 5. Nausea and
vomiting
3. Breathing- 6. Weakness
irregular
7. Thirsty

Introduction to First Aid & Shock

 Objectives of First Aid for
Shock
1. Improve circulation of blood.
2. Ensure an adequate supply of
oxygen.
3. Maintain normal body
temperature.

Introduction to First Aid & Shock

 First Aid Management
for Shock
1. Make the person lie down.
2. Control any external bleeding.
3. Legs may be raised 6 to 12 inches.
4. Help the person maintain normal body
temperature.
5. Do not give the person anything to eat
or drink.
6. Reassure the person every so often.
Introduction to First Aid & Shock
Introduction to First Aid & Shock
FIRST Aid and Preventive
Management for Shock
Posture

PROPER Heat

Transfer

Introduction to First Aid & Shock