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Skit Lesson
Skit Lesson
ONE’S IND’L PROCESS THE LIE REGARDING THE PROCESS: SKILLS CAN BE IMPROVED. PRACTICE,
(e.g. They told me I cannot “I USED TO BELIEVE THAT I COULD FOCUS, TIME, SACRIFICE ARE
dance because I used to have NEVER IMPROVE IN MY SKILLS AND I ESSENTIAL FOR SELF-IMPROVEMENT. I
difficulty following the SHOULD JUST GIVE UP.” CAN IMPROVE AND DEVELOP.
movements.)
ONE’S INSECURITIES and THE LIE THAT BROUGHT THE EVERYONE CAN BE LOVED AS LONG AS
FEARS; MENTAL AND INSECURITY ONE IS WILLING TO BE LOVED AND
EMOTIONAL STATE “NO ONE CAN LOVE ME.” WILLING TO LOVE TRULY.
(I feel so depressed, anxious,
alone, scared, left-out.)
OPINIONS vs. TRUTH
Knowing the Truth as Rising above Opinions
Height
10
8 Philosophical Truth
6
Strength Breadth
4
Mathematical Truth
2
0
Scientific Truth
Certainty Depth
Opinion
Clarity
Truth Opinion
Knowing the Truth as Rising above Opinions
Universalizations of mathematical
formulations (all realities, BEING, passes the 3
criteria) Philosophical Truth
Scientific Truth
Generalizations of concrete experiences
(limited to actual and probable empirical
realities, CONCRETE REALITIES)
Opinion
Observations of concrete experiences (limited
to actual experiences, APPEARANCES)
BASIS FOR ABSOLUTE TRUTH
• OPINION? VALUE OF MONEY: • NEED TO UNDERSTAND
NOMINAL VS. REAL PHILOSOPHICAL TRUTHS
• SCIENTIFIC TRUTHS: BOILING • BEING
POINT? PLUTO? • GOD
• MATHEMATICAL TRUTH: THESIS, • MORALS
STUDIES, STATISTICS
• PASSES THE 3 CRITERIA
• Admission of • Commitment
uncertainty to empirical
Requires
Requires
evidences
transformation
• Openness to verification and
of opinions to
validation
hypotheses have one’s • Commitment
opinions put to logical
to the test arguments
REVIEW
WHAT IS PHILOSOPHY 1000?
WHAT IS ITS PURPOSE AND AIM?
WHAT DID EACH BLIND MAN “SEE”?
WHAT ARE THE OBSTABLES IN SEEING THE
WHOLE?
WHAT IS TO SEE THE WHOLE?
IS IT JUST SEEING THE SUM OF ALL PARTS?
WHAT IS A PROPOSITION?
CAN YOU MAKE SAMPLE PROPOSITIONS?
“Thales on the Beginning of Philosophy”
in Aristotle’s Metaphysics A, Chapter 3
As expressed in
Aristotle’s report, what
is Thales’s important
proposition?
“… getting the notion perhaps from seeing that the nutriment of all
things is moist, and that heat itself is generated from the moist and
kept alive by it (and that from which they come to be is a principle
of all things). He got his notion from this fact, and from the fact that
the seeds of all things have a moist nature, and that water is the
origin of the nature of moist things.”
“Thales on the Beginning of Philosophy”
in Aristotle’s Metaphysics A, Chapter 3
What could have been
the research question
Thales was answering
with his proposition?
What is the principle of
all things?
Sample:
• Not: • But:
• What is the principle of all things • What is meant by “principle” of
according to Thales? all things?
• Not: • But:
• What is the conclusion of • How did Thales arrive at this
Thales? conclusion?
“Thales on the Beginning of Philosophy”
in Aristotle’s Metaphysics A, Chapter 3
Given the possible What is the principle of all things?
research question, how
could Thales have • That from which they come to be is a principle
proceeded from possible of all things.
bases to proposition?
• The seeds of all things have a moist nature.
• The nutriment of all things is moist.
• Water is the origin of the nature of moist
things.
Therefore, the principle of all things is water.
WHAT IS THE PROCESS TO REACH A
CONCLUSION/GENERALIZATION?
“Thales on the Beginning of Philosophy”
in Aristotle’s Metaphysics A, Chapter 3
•That from
Generalization or Conclusion
Seeds of all Water is the
Question
What is the
Theory
Analysis
Data
All things
principle of which they (treated things have principle of
all things? come to individually) moist nature. all things.
be is a Nutriment of
principle of all things is
all things. moist.
•That from Origin of
which they nature of
come to be moist things
= seeds, is water.
nutriments,
origin.
DO YOU KNOW HOW TO ANALYZE?
• NOT:
• WHAT IS ANALYSIS?
• BUT:
WHICH AMONG THESE STATEMENTS SHOWS THE PROCESS OF ANALYSIS?
A. What is the principle of all things? (Question)
B. Water is the principle of all things. (Generalization)
C. The seeds of all things have a moist nature. (Data)
D. The nutriment of all things is moist. Water is the origin of the nature of moist
things. (Analysis)
Juan’s Insight
Take another example.
1. Juan is standing beside the coffin of his grandfather who has just died at the age of ninety-five.
2. As far as Juan can remember the old man was always weak and already seventy-seven when Juan was
born.
3. Juan comes home from the funeral and his mother hands him his grandfather’s memoirs. There Juan
sees his grandfather as he was during the revolution: young and full of vigor and high spirits.
4. Then he hears from old maiden aunts who heard from their old maiden aunts that in his youth his
grandfather used to be dashing and quite popular with the ladies.
Juan gradually begins to realize: My grandfather as a young man was exactly like me. For Juan likes to think of
himself as full of high spirits, dashing, and quite popular with the ladies. Then Juan begins to think more
deeply. He is full of high spirits now, but high spirits are not inexhaustible. It will be exhausted. It will be his
turn to become old and shriveled and to be contemplated in the coffin by his grandson.
5-10. Juan thinks to himself: This is the way it is with the generations of men. They start life full of vigor and
high spirits then wither away and die. But not before they have left behind sons who also begin full of vigor
and high spirits then wither away and die, after they have given life to their own sons. Juan has an insight into
the rhythm of rise and fall in the life of the generations of men.
Sample:
• Not: • But:
• Enumerate the experiences of Juan. • Which part of the experience or who
(already asked for the quiz.) were the characters which has the
most significance for Juan’s insight?
WHAT ARE THE TWO MEANINGS OF INSIGHT?
What are the two meanings of
“Insight” “insight” found in the text?
Roque Ferriols, SJ
Insight as
Insight as “what is seen
“seeing with with the
the mind” mind”
(concept)
WHAT IS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE
TWO MEANINGS OF INSIGHT?
What is the relationship between
“Insight” the two meanings of “insight”?
Roque Ferriols, SJ
• First meaning: the act of thinking the
mind has to perform.
• Second meaning: the thought, the idea,
the concept which is the object of
thinking the mind has to achieve.
• The relationship between first and
second meaning, therefore, is that
between means and end.
How do these meanings of “insight” help the
“Insight” blind men “see” the elephant as elephant?
Roque Ferriols, SJ
• The second meaning teaches us that the
elephant to be “seen” as elephant, must
be “seen” as a unified and ordered
whole, not as parts nor as sum of parts.
• The first meaning teaches us that the way
to “see” the elephant as elephant is not
to “see” with the senses the multiplicity
of parts nor the sum of parts, but to “see
with the mind” beyond them to the
unifying “point” that gathers them all
together.
The Insight of Juan:
An insight into the rhythm of rise and fall in the life
of the generations of men. (photo credit to the owner. )