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Universal Motor Operation Explained

The universal motor document describes how a universal motor works. It has a field winding that acts as a stator to produce magnetic flux and an armature winding that acts as a rotor. The commutator and brushes reverse the current in the armature coils as it rotates, causing the motor to rotate in the same direction regardless of the input current polarity. The document concludes that the torque developed is proportional to the square of the armature current.

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161 views7 pages

Universal Motor Operation Explained

The universal motor document describes how a universal motor works. It has a field winding that acts as a stator to produce magnetic flux and an armature winding that acts as a rotor. The commutator and brushes reverse the current in the armature coils as it rotates, causing the motor to rotate in the same direction regardless of the input current polarity. The document concludes that the torque developed is proportional to the square of the armature current.

Uploaded by

Levent
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Universal Motor

1
Equivalent Circuit

2
A Closer Look
Field Winding
Field
(Stator)

Armature
(Rotor)
3
The Commutator Bar and Brushes are a switch that
reverses the current in the armature coil as it rotates
4
Check the Direction of Rotation

Flux
“Bunching”

Force on conductor B is
upwards, rotation is
counter-clockwise (CCW)
+Positive Half-Cycle+
5
Opposite Half-Cycle

Flux
“Bunching”

Force on Conductor B is
upwards, rotation is
counter-clockwise (CCW)
-Negative Half-Cycle-
6
Conclusions
• The direction of
rotation (and Torque)
is independent of the
polarity of the AC
source!

TD  B p I a
Bp  I a
TD  I a2

TD = Developed Torque
Bp = flux density due to current in field
Ia = armature current 7

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