CHAPTER 2: LESSON 1

KINDS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH,

STRENGTHS & WEAKNESSES
PREPARED BY:
MRS. JULIE ANNE P. ODASCO
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
• According to Creswell (1994), it is an inquiry
process of understanding a social or human
problem based on building a complex holistic
picture formed with words, reporting detailed
views of informants and conducted in a natural
setting.
 KINDS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
MARSHALL & ROSSMAN (1995)
1. Participant Observation 6. Narratology
2. Observation 7. Films,Videos & Photographs
3. In-depth Interviewing
4. Focus Group Interviewing
5. Content Analysis
 PARTICIPANT OBSERVATION
• Demands immersion in the natural setting of the
research participants which enables the researcher
participant to hear, see and experience reality
 OBSERVATION
• Entails the systematic noting
or recording of events,
behaviors and artifacts
(objects) in the social
setting chosen for study.
 IN-DEPTH INTERVIEWING

• Resembles conversations but with pre-

determined response categories
• Large amount of data are gathered quickly
and immediate follow up and clarifications
are possible
FOCUS GROUP INTERVIEWING
• Involves 7 to 10, at time 6 -8
people who are unfamiliar with
one another and have been
selected because they share
certain characteristics that are
relevant to the research inquiry or
problem.
 CONTENT ANALYSIS
• Calls for systematic examination
of forms of communication to
document patterns objectively- as
shown in letters, emails, minutes
of meetings, and a lot more.
 NARRATOLOGY
• Story telling, retelling and reliving of personal experiences
• Researcher must be an active listener and an adept reader (for
written stories), attentive to recurring patterns, as well as the
narrator’s feelings, views and values as reflected in both oral
and written stories.
 FILMS,VIDEOS & PHOTOGRAPHS
• Provides visual records of events, especially the
films and videos which capture the perspective of
the filmmaker or videographer. Pictures, on the
other hand, manifest the intent, interests and
values of the photographer.
 STRENGTHS OF QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH
• Qualitative research can offer the best light on or best answers to
certain phenomena- social, economic, political or even psychological
• Research results are exhaustive
• It offers several avenues to understand phenomena, behavior, human
conditions and the like.
• It can build on, or even develop theories through consistent themes,
categories, relationships, interrelationships that are crystallized
during the data gathering and data analysis processes.
 WEAKNESSES OF QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH
• Total immersion in the natural setting of the research
can be time-consuming and tedious, and resource-
draining as well
• There comes a point when the personal-self and the
researcher-self are inseparable , so, subjectivity, on the
part of the researcher, can happen.