Anatomy Of the EE n ME

Masyita Gaffar
Anatomy of the ear
Anatomy Middle Ear
 The Tympanic Cavity
• Epitympanum / attic: level of malleolar fold
• Mesotympanum: opposite the TM
• Hypotympanum: lies below the level of
inferior part of the tympanic sulcus.
 The lateral wall
• LW of the Tym cavity is formed by:
- bony LW of epitym superiorly (outer attic
wall) scutum
- TM centrally
- bony LW of hypotym inferiorly
 The Roof
• The roof of epitym  tegmen tympani

middle ear space & middle cranial fossa

• The petrosquamous suture line  access for
infection  extradural space in children
• Vein from TC  superior petrosal sinus pass
through this suture line.
 The medial wall
• Separates the TC fro IE
• The promontory  central portion of the
medial wall
• Basal coil of the cochlea
• Its surface  tympanic plexus  tympanic
branch of glossopharyngeal nerve.
 The floor
• The floor of the TC separates the TC from the
dome of jugular bulb.

• Small opening of tympanic branch of IX nerve

in the floor and medial wall of TC
 The anterior wall
• Lower third a thin plate bone covering ICA
plate perforated by superior n inf
caroticotympanic nerve (sympathetic fiber)
and tympanic branch of the ICA
• Middle third  orificium of ET (5x2 mm),
above the canal is tensor tym muscle.
• Upper third  anterior epitym sinus
(pneumatized), anterior ossicular head.
 Facial recess
• Bounded medialy by the FN, laterally by the
annulus tympanic w/ the chorda tympany.

• TC contains: ossicles, 2 muscles, chorda tym

and plexus tym.
 Prussack space
• Pars flaccida – neck of malleus- lateral
malleolar fold.

• Retention of the keratin dan development of

cholesteatoma
innervation