Definition

• The Primary Sector Of the economy is the change of

Natural resources into primary products. Most products
from this sector provides raw materials for other
industries. The share of Primary sector has decreased
from the past four decades. In 1970 the share of the
sector was 50% which has reduced to 29% in 1995 and is
now further reduced to 25%.
• Major business in this sector are agriculture,
agribusiness, fishing, forestry all mining and quarrying
industries
Major mining
Industries in India
HINDUSTAN ZINC
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• Hindustan Zinc (HZL) was
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established in 1996 In New Delhi as
a public sector Undertaking from on%20(1).pptx
Erstwhile Metal Corporation of India
• The subsidiary of vedanta resources
main Interest in the exploration and
production of Zinc, silver and lead
• It operates the world’s largest mine
in Rampura Agucha, Rajasthan,
which as an ore production capacity
of 6.15 million MT per annum, In
addition to several zinc and lead
smelters and refineries in the state
 BHARAT ALUMINIUM
COMPANY
• Incorporated in 1965 as a public
sector Undertaking Bharat
Aluminium company ( BALCO ) is
51% owned by vedanta, while the
remaining state is held by the
Government of India
• The company has two Bauxite
mines & several refining,
smelting & fabrication facilities
in central India
• It's also major operations in the
town of Korba, Chhattisgarh
along with multiple high grade
bauxite mines in kawardha &
mainpat
NATIONAL MINERAL
DEVELOPMENT
CORPORATION IN INDIA
• Incorporated in 1958 as a
Government of India fully owned
public enterprise. Under the
administrative control of the
Ministry of Steel, Government of
India, the NMDC is India's single
largest iron ore producer,
presently producing about 30
million tonnes of iron ore from 3
fully mechanised mines.
• The NMDC is actively involved in
the exploration of a wide range of
minerals including iron ore,
copper, rock phosphate, lime
stone, dolomite, gypsum,
bentonite, magnesite, diamond,
tin, tungsten, graphite, beach
sands etc.
• NMDC is presently producing
about 20 million tonnes of iron
ore from its Bailadila sector mines
and 10 million tonnes from
Donimalai sector mines.
 HINDALCO
• Hindalco Industries Limited is the metals
flagship company of the Aditya Birla
Group and just so happens to be an
industry leader in aluminium and
copper. A turnover of a small sum of
US$17 billion makes Hindalco the
world’s largest aluminium rolling
company and one of the primary
producers of Aluminium in Asia.
• Hindalco has operations in aluminium,
and copper, with a world class copper
smelter that stands as one of the world’s
largest custom smelters at a single
location.
• Looking at the company’s aluminium
smelting operations, and there are
many (Uttar Pradesh, Odisha, Madhya
Pradesh) produce a combined 1.3
million tonnes of primary aluminium per
year.
 KUDREMUKH LTD
• Kudremukh is a flagship company
under the Ministry of Steel,
Government of India, formed in
1976.
• It is the country’s prestigious
Export Oriented Unit, with iron
ore mining, filtration technology
and production of high quality
pellets.
• The company has a major
pelltization complex located in
Mangalore, the coastal city of
Karnataka. There, the annual
capacity of the plant is around
3.5 million tons of iron ore pellets
 List of Top 10
Agricultural Companies
DUPONT
• IndiaThis is one of the oldest
agricultural companies in India,
established way back in 1802.
• Operating in more than 90 countries,
DuPont's corporate and head office are
situated in Gurgaon, Haryana.
• The company deals in 'Agro based
products' which include seeds,
pesticides and insecticides that protect
crops such as rice, wheat, vegetables,
sugarcane, soybean, pulses, lentils and
so on. The company also provides
healthcare services for animals.
 Rallies India
Limited
• A subsidiary of the Tata Group,
Rallies India Limited was founded
in 1815 and is one of the
foremost agrochemical
companies. It deals in
agricultural products ranging
from fertilisers and pesticides to
seeds and treated seed
chemicals.
• A research and development
wing of Rallies India, involved in
product development, is also
situated in Bangalore
 Nuziveedu Seeds
Limited
• Nuziveedu Seeds Limited deals in
agricultural seeds, as the name of
the company suggests. The largest
producer of BT cotton seed in India,
Nuziveedu Seeds Ltd. was founded in
1973. It has its corporate and head
office in Hyderabad, Telangana.
• The company offers seeds for a wide
range of crops: cotton, vegetable,
mustard, sorghum, pearl millet,
sunflower, maize and paddy seeds.
NSL group, an Indian conglomerate,
is the parent company of the
Nuziveedu Seeds Limited.
 Lemken India Agro
Equipments Private
Limited
• Lemken India was operationalised
in 2010 and its headquarters in
Nagpur, Maharashtra. It is a
recognised manufacturer of
machinery needed for soil
cultivation, sowing and plant
protection, It has its
manufacturing plant in Nagpur,
Maharashtra.
• Lemken has spread its business in
45 countries around the world.
Lemken India is one of the leaders
in producing plough, cultivator,
and Power Harrow and other
agricultural implements.
 Advanta
Limited
• Established in 1994, Advanta
Limited is active in the seeds
business.It is a plant genetics
company. It's corporate office
and headquarters are in
Hyderabad, Telangana.
• Advanta is amongst the leaders
in the agricultural industry
having its presence in six
continents. Advanta is a world
leader as far as forges and grain
are concerned. It is listed in NSE
and BSE indexes.
 Monsanto India
• Monsanto India is the Indian
subsidiary of the American
agricultural giant, which was
founded in 1901 in Missouri, USA.
Monsanto India's prime business
includes production of pesticides
and seeds.
• Monsanto India is headquartered
at Mumbai, Maharashtra and is
rated amongst the top
agricultural companies in India.
 FISHING
• Fisheries is a fast-growing sector in India, which provides
nutrition and food security to a large population of the
country besides providing income and employment to more
than 14.5 million people," observed the Economic Survey
released today.
• India is the second largest fish producer in the world with a
total production of 13.7 million metric tonnes in 2018-19 of
which 65 per cent was from inland sector. Almost 50 per cent
of inland fish production is from culture fisheries, which
constitutes 6.5 per cent of global fish production.
• The sector has been showing a steady growth in the total
gross value added and accounts for 5.23 per cent share of
agricultural GDP.
Forest-based Industry
• Paper IndustryThe first effort to produce paper by
modern techniques was done in 1816 in Tanjavur (Tamil
Nadu). It was unsuccessful. The first successful paper mill
was set up in 1879 in Lucknow. Again, in 1881, paper mills
were set up in Titagarh (West Bengal). It is considered the
beginning of modern paper industry. Paper industry is a
weight-losing industry. About two and half tons raw
materials are needed for making one ton paper. So, the
localization of this industry is mainly in the areas of raw
materials. The following raw materials are used in making
• Soft wood-In India, soft wood (of coniferous trees) is obtained
from the Himalayan region. Seven per cent of the total raw materials
used in the paper industry in India is obtained from soft wood.
• Bamboo-Bamboo is the mostly used raw material for making paper
in India. 70% raw material for paper industry is obtained from
bamboo. Karnataka is the largest producer of bamboo followed by
Assam.
• Sabai grass-Sabai grass provides 15% raw material. The best quality
paper is produced from its fibres. Madhya Pradesh is the largest
producer of sabai grass. Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and Odisha
are other major sabai grass producing states.
• Bagasse-It is a sugarcane residual part. 7% pulp for paper industry
is obtained, from bagasse. Industrial paper, hard board paper,
packing paper etc are made from it.