GROUP 1

• TEGUH WIBOWO
• WA ODE MASTITA
• SEPRIDJANTRIE LESSY
• NUR ADZANI
• MUHAMMAD FIRDAUS
 TANKER SHIP
Tanker ship emerged as main mode transportation to carry
bulk liquids to the other side of the world. The era of this
mode transportation begin at 19th century when the
discovery and expedition of oil found. Recently the different
energy been found, the type of tanker vessel came into real
problem. Tanker take major share of more than 33% of the
worlds fleet tonnage.
 TYPE’S OF TANKER SHIP
The type of tanker ship divided base on the product its
carry :
1. CRUDE OIL TANKER

Crude tankers are specifically used to transport crude oil from the excavation
site to the crude oil refining industrial plant
These tankers move a large quantity of unrefined crude oil from its elicitation
point to the oil refineries, where they are refined and various grades are
products are extracted and distributed later on.
These vessels are much larger in size than the other variants of oil tankers.
For example, moving crude oil from oil ell of Pointe Noire, Congo to the
refineries in the coast of the United States
CRUDE OIL VESSEL
 2. Gas Tanker
Tankers which are specially designed to carry Gas in bulk are called Gas tankers.
They are specially designed to carry different forms of gasses.
That makes this type of products needs special vessel.

As per the type of cargo carried and the carriage predicament, these can be
classified into five categories as named below

• Fully pressurised ships

• Semi-pressurised ships
• Ethylene ships
• Fully refrigerated LPG ships
• LNG ships
LNG VESSEL
 3. Chemical Tanker

Chemical tankers are those cargo tankers which transport chemicals in

various forms. Chemical tankers are specifically designed in order to
maintain the consistency of the chemicals they carry aboard them. These
tanker ships are applied with coatings of certain substances that help in the
easy identification of the chemicals that need to be transported.

Chemical tankers are tankers that are used to transport various liquid
chemicals. Each Chemical Tankers transport the same kind of chemicals.
They range from 5000 DWT to 35000DWT in size. The size is very smaller of
these vessels as compared to the Oil tankers due to the specialized nature of
the cargo and the size restriction of the Ports and shore facilities.
CHEMICAL TANKER
 TYPE’S OF TANKER SHIP
The type of tanker ship divided base on the size of the vessel.
1. ULCC : Ultra Large Crude Carriers, 300,000 to 550,000 dwt in size. Used for
carrying crude oil on long-haul routes from the Persian Gulf to Europe, America and
East Asia, via the Cape of Good Hope or the Strait of Malacca. The enormous size of
these vessels requires custom built terminals.

Hellespont Alhambra (now TI Asia)

MV. KNOCK NEVIS

2. VLCC : Very Large Crude Carriers, 150,000 to 320,000 dwt in size. They
offer a good flexibility for using terminals since many can accommodate their
draft. They are used in ports that have depth limitations, mainly around the
Mediterranean, West Africa and the North Sea. They can be ballasted through
the Suez Canal.

MV. SIRIUS STAR

3. SUEZMAX : This standard, which represents the limitations of the Suez
Canal, has evolved. Before 1967, the Suez Canal could only accommodate
tanker ships with a maximum of 80,000 dwt. The canal was closed between
1967 and 1975 because of the Israel – Arab conflict. Once it reopened in 1975,
the Suezmax capacity went to 150,000 dwt. The Suez Canal can now
accommodate all mammoth tankers in service on their ballast trips.

Ship at Suez Canal

4. AFRAMAX : A tanker of standard size between 75,000 and 115,000 dwt. The
largest tanker size in the AFRA (Average Freight Rate Assessment) tanker rate
system. Aframax tankers are optimal for short- to medium-haul crude oil
transportation. Aframax class tankers are largely used in the basins of the Black
Sea, the North Sea, the Caribbean Sea, the South and East China Seas, and
the Mediterranean. Non–OPEC exporting countries may require the use of
tankers because the harbors and canals through which these countries export
their oil are too small to accommodate the larger Suezmax or the larger still very
large crude carriers and ultra-large crude carriers.

SEAMASTER
5. Panamax: Represents the largest acceptable size to transit the Panama
Canal, which can be applied to both freighters and tankers; lengths are
restricted to a maximum of 275 meters,
and widths to slightly more than 32 meter. The average size of such a ship is
about 65,000 dwt. They mainly carry coal, grain and, to a lesser extent, minor
bulks, including steel products, forest products and fertilizers.

CABO SOUNION at PANAMA CANAL

Comparison
 Certificate of Competency
With all the type of tanker that has a special purpose, the person that became
the crew of this ship should have a special Certificate of Competency (CoC)
too, this is the certificate requirements :

1. Basic Safety Training (BST)

2. Advanced Fire Fighting (AFF)
3. Survival Craft & Rescue Boats (SCRB)
4. Medical First Aid (MFA)
5. Medical Care (MC)
6. Tanker Familiarization (TF)
7. Oil Tanker Training (OT)
8. Chemical Tanker Training (CTT)
9. Liquified Gas Tanker Training (LGT)
10. Radar Simulator (RS)
11. ARPA Simulator (AS)
12. Operator Radio General (ORG) / GMDSS
THANK YOU