ANNISA RASUNAWATI

(192003516092)
 WALES
By the eighth century the Celts have been driven into the Welsh


peninsula. The Celts, called Welsh by Anglo-Saxons, called themselves
cymry (fellow countrymen)

Life was hard and so was the behaviour of the people. Because of it,
Slavery was common as it had been all through Celtic Britain.

Society was based on family groups. In each group a strong

men made himself king.

The early kings travelled with their army around the kingdoms to control
the people. In 1039 Gruffydd was the first king strong enough to rule
over all Wales. He was killed in a battle against the Saxons. After his
death, the Welsh kings were able to rule, only after they promised loyalty
to Edward “the Confessor”, the king of England.
 IRELAND
Ireland was never invaded by either the Romans or the Anglo-
Saxons. Ireland was a land of monasteries with a good developed


Celtic culture.

As in Wales, the society was based on the family groups. The

kings were chosen by election. Just the strongest men could lead.

There were five kingdoms in Ireland: Ulster,

Munster, Leinster, Connaught and Tara.

Christianity was brought to Ireland around AD 430. The

message of Christianity was spread by Patrick, a British slave,
who became “the patron saint” of Ireland

This period in the history of Ireland was called the “golden age”, there
were no invasions and culture flourished. This period ended when the
Vikings came and took over the monasteries.
 SCOTLAND

Scotland had two different societies: the one
in the north of the “Highland Line”, and the
one in the south and the east of the Line.
Scotland was populated by four separate
groups of people
 SCOTLAND
The Picts
were the earliest inhabitants of the The Non –Pictish
land. They lived in the north and
northeast, they spoke Celtic and
another language, completely
 were mainly Scots, Celtic settlers for
the fourth century. In 843 a Scotish
unconnected. They inherited their King united the Pictish and Scotish
rights, names and propriety from their kingdoms.
mother, not from their fathers like the
Celts.

The Britons
were that they had in common the
Celtic culture and their economy
depended on growing animals. The
spread of Celtic Christianity helped
unite the people. In 563, Columba,
known as the “Dove of the Chuch”,
came to Scotland and brought
Christianity to the Scots and Picts. In
663 Britons had been brought to
Christianity, too.
The Angles
were different from the Celts. They
lived in family groups, but they
began to accept authority from
people outside their own family.
They kept animals and grew
crops, each man working his own
field.
 CONLUSION

England has always played the most powerful part in the history
of the British Isles. However, the orher three countries, Wales,
Ireland and Scotland, have a different history. Until recently few
historians looked at British history except from an English point of
view. But the stories of Wales, Ireland and Scotland are also
important, because their people still feel different from the
AngloSaxon English.