 Main components of Smart grid

• Intelligent Appliances
• Smart meters
• Smart substations
• Control system
• Energy storage devices
• Energy renewable sources
Intelligent
Appliances
• Utilize modern computer and
communications technology to
make functions faster, cheaper
and more energy-efficient.
• Connected to center device. i.e.
Wifi or Router
• It is capable of deciding when to
consume energy based on
customer preset preferences.
Smart meters
• Electronic device
• It enables the two-way communication
• It records energy hourly or more frequently, and report at least daily.
• Communication Medium(Wireless or fixed wire connections)
• Ability to detect device failure.
• Installled on End-user system
Smart substations
• Can be installed on Transmission/distribution System.
• It includes Monitoring and control operational data such as power
status, breaker, security and transformer status, etc.
• It controls the transmission of voltage.
• Necessary for splitting electricity flow.
• Identify the damages and defects on the distribution and consumer
line.
• Ability of self healing the problems.
Control system
• It controls the whole system
• Ability of self monitoring.
• Sends and receives the information
• Gives immediate autonomous response
• It identify the defects and damages.
• It divides the electricity on the basis of loads.
• It connects the whole line or system.
Energy storage devices
• Referred to as electricity storage.
• The capture of energy produced at one time for the use at a later
time.
• Energy stores in different forms
• Some of the examples are:
• Battery, Super capacitor etc.
Energy
renewable
sources
• Energy produced
from sources that
do not deplete or
can be used again
and again.
• Examples are Wind
energy, solar
energy etc.
Structure And Mechanism of Smart
grid
Power generation
↑↓
Transmission/ Distribution
↑↓
End User or Consumer
Structure And Mechanism of
Smart grid
Comparison of Existing and Smart grid
Comparison
Existing Grid Smart Grid
Electromechanical Digital
One way Communication Two way Communication
Centralized Generation Distributed Generation
Manual Monitoring Self Monitoring
Manual restoration Self Healing
Failures and Blackouts Adaptive and Islanding
Limited Control Pervasive Control
Advantages of Smart grid
• Sufficient (Energy saving through reducing consumptions)
• Better customer services and more accurate bills
• More secure (Fraud detection and technical losses)
• Environmental Friendly (Reduction of carbon emissions)
• Integrated Environment(It reduces Electricity theft and detect
Equipment Failures)