Group Members

 Asad Hussain
 Supercomputers
Introduction
Computer
 What is Computer?

 Before we make a start on that question,

it helps if we understand
What a Computer is:
“it's a general-purpose machine that
takes in information (Data) by a Process
called Input, stores and processes it, and
then generates some kind of Output
(Result).”
 What is Computer?

Computer can not do anything without a Program.

It represents the decimal numbers through a string of Binary Digits.
The Word 'Computer' usually refers to the ‘Center Processor
Unit’ plus ‘Internal memory’.
 Charles Babbage is called the "Grand Father" of the
computer.
Major Types
Computer
Major Types Of Computers
 Midrange Server
1. Analog computer 7. Laptop (Notebook)
2. Desktop computer 8. Tablet Computer (Tablet PC)
3. Digital computer 9. Personal computer (PC)
4. Hybrid computer
5. Smartphone
6. Workstation
Major Types Of Computers

 Microcomputer
 Minicomputer
 Mainframe (Big Iron)
 Supercomputer
The World Of Computer

Super-Computer
 3-phases
Major Types Of Computers

1. Microcomputer
2. Minicomputer  Supercomputers
3. Mainframe Computers
 1- MICROCOMPUTER

• Small In Sizes And Relatively Inexpensive.

• Highly Flexible And Designed For Small Scale Personal
Use and Business Application.
• Based On Microprocessor Technology, A Silicon Chip
Containing the Important Circuitry To Perform
Operations.
 2- MINICOMPUTER

• Compare to mainframe these are Midrange Computers.

• Designed for Computerization Of Data, Scientific Research,
Industrial Process, Data Collection and Telephone Switches.
• Minicomputers are Multiprocessing System and can support Upto
200 User At A Time But The Power Of Processing Is Not As Great
As The Mainframe And Supercomputers.
3- Mainframe Computers

Powerful Computer used by Many Large Organizations to Manage

Large Amounts of Centralized Data.
Standard Choice for Hospitals, Universities, Large Businesses,
Banks, Government Offices.
Larger, More Expensive, and More Powerful than Midrange Servers.

12
 Mainframe Computers

 Usually operate 24 hours a day

 Also called High-end Servers

or Enterprise-Class Servers

13
What is Super Computer?

A Supercomputer is not simply A

Fast or Very Large Computer.
Typically Using Parallel Processing
Instead Of The Serial Processing that
an ordinary computer uses.
Instead of doing one thing at a time, it
does many things at once.
 Some Use’s
Super-Computer
 Space Exploration  Oil Exploration
 Missile Guidance  Scientific Research
 Complex Web Site
 Satellites
 Decision Support Systems
 Weather Forecast
 3D Applications, Etc.
 Important Use’s
Super-Computer
 Gravity Pipe for Astrophysics
 MDGRAPE-3 for Protein Structure
Computation Molecular Dynamics
Deep Crack, for Breaking the Data Encryption
Standard (DES) Cipher.
The IBM Blue Gene/P Supercomputer "Intrepid" at Argonne National Laboratory runs
164,000 processor cores using normal data center air conditioning, grouped in 40
racks/cabinets connected by a high-speed 3-D torus network
 Who Invented Supercomputers?
A Supercomputer Timeline!

• Seymour Cray (1925–1996). Here's A Whistle Stop Tour Of

Supercomputing, BC and AC—before and after Cray!
 Five most Powerful Supercomputers
in the World
1. SUMMIT, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (USA)
2. SIERRA, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (USA)
3.SUNWAY TAIHULIGHT, National Supercomputing Centre
(Wuxi, CHINA)
4. TIANHE-2A, National Supercomputing Centre (Guangzhou,
CHINA)
5. FRONTIER, Texas Advanced Computing Center, University Of
Texas (USA)
148.6 Petaflops
1- SUMMIT, Oak Ridge National
Laboratory (USA)
94.6 Petaflops.
2-SIERRA, Lawrence Livermore
National Laboratory (USA)
 93 Petaflops
3-SUNWAY TAIHULIGHT,
National Supercomputing Centre (WUXI, CHINA)
 61.4 Petaflops
4. TIANHE-2A, National Supercomputing
Milky Way 2A Centre (GUANGZHOU, CHINA)
5. FRONTIER, Texas Advanced Computing Center,
UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS (USA)
23.5 Petaflops