Placenta and Placental

Derivatives in Regenerative
Therapies

By:
Risza Nuril Samsiyah
Biology Education (A)
(30/190341621627)
Universitas Negeri Malang
What is Placenta??
The Unique Placenta

 The human placenta is a temporary organ which

ensures mutual coexistence of the organisms
between mother and fetus.
 Placenta has main function to ensure the supply,
growth, and development of fetus, as well as
removing metabolic products and fighting against
internal infection
The Unique Placenta

Researchers found that placenta and placental

derivatives has many stem cells that can differentiate
into other types of cells.

So, placenta and placental derivatives can be

medicine as regenerative therapy for kinds of
diseases.
Placenta as Stem Cells
Stem cells are cells that
can differentiate into other
types of cells, and can
Stem
also divide in self-renewal to
Cell?? produce more of the same
type of stem cells.

Placenta as stem cell has ability to

differentiate and become other kinds of
cells
The Unique Placenta
The Unique Placenta
Morphology of Placenta
 Postpartum placenta has a disk-shaped form 16-20
cm in diameter, weighing 500 g on average.

 Having 3 main cell types:

Trophoblast cells
Mesenchymal cells
Endothelial cells
 Trophoblast are cells forming the outer layer of
a blastocyst, which provide nutrients to
the embryo and develop into a large part of
the placenta. They are formed during the first
stage of pregnancy and are the first cells
to differentiate from the fertilized egg.

 Mesenchymal cells are multipotent stromal cells

that can differentiate into a variety of cell types

 Epithelial cells are outer cells of placenta, for

example is amniotic epithelial cell which extracted
from the lining of the inner membrane of the
placenta
Placenta for Research

Early
Placenta

Placenta from the first

two trimester.

Mature
Placenta

Placenta from the third

trimester (Having
developed fetal and
maternal parts)
The Mature Placenta for Research
Mature Placenta consist of:
Fetal Part
Maternal Part
The Function of Placenta
 Immunological Features

 Endocrine Function

 Nutrition and gas exchange

 Excretion

 Produce hormone that support pregnancy

 Thermo regulation
How Researcher Use Placenta as
for Regenerative Therapy??
 How Researcher Use Placenta as
for Regenerative Therapy??
In developing Placenta as Regenerative Therapy,
researchers use:
Placenta tissue fragment
Amniotic and Corionic membrane
Umbilical cord
Amniotic Fluis
Placenta Extracts
Cord blood serum
Cord blood cell
How Researcher Use Placenta as
for Regenerative Therapy??
How Researcher Use Placenta as
for Regenerative Therapy??
How Researcher Use Placenta as
for Regenerative Therapy??
History and Clinical Application of
Placenta
Various group of researchers at different time points
often observed similar therapeutic effects and
patterns even by applying different techniques and
using different dosage and forms.

 Davis J (1910), Results of the first studies on the

effect of placental extracts and tissues on the
reproductive system
 The first succesful transplantation of cord blood
cells in Fanconi anemia in 1982.
A Significant Study of Placenta as
Stem cell

 Vladimir Filatov (Founder of the Institute of Tissue

Therapy and Eye Diseases) has been published in
over 3000 scientific works about application of
Placenta to treat disease.
Biobanking Methods of Placental
Components

 Sterilization
 Low-temperature storage

 Cryopreservation
The most conventional method for storage of biological
objects, which provides high levels of preservation for a
long period of time.
 What are the Treatment Methods?
Parts of placenta has been used in native form as well
as after chemical and thermal processing, after
crypreservation, and sublimation.

Methods of application in using Placenta components

widely vary:
Subcutaneus
Intramuscular
Intravenous
Intraorperative
Biocovers
Substitutive material
Oral administration
Current Research and Clinical Trial

Studies and clinical trials utilizing placental derivatives

were analysed on:
 US National Library of Medicine
(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
 US National Institute of Health
(http://ClinicalTrials.gov)
Conclusion

Placenta and Placental derivatives consist of many

stem cells that can differentiate many kinds of cells
from other organs, so it can be medicine as a
regenerative therapies for disease.
THANK YOU